This session highlights emerging mechanisms by which non-parenchymal cells (NPCs), particularly hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), orchestrate liver fibrogenesis in the context of metabolic dysfunction and chronic injury. Presentations will examine the impact of exosomal microRNAs, inflammasome activation, mitochondrial stress, and Notch/YAP signaling on HSC activation and fibrotic progression. Together, these studies illuminate how cell–cell communication, immune-metabolic crosstalk, and novel therapeutic targets shape liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma risk.