Ji Hye Min, Jong Man Kim, Young Kon Kim, Tae Wook Kang, Soon Jin Lee, Gyu Seong Choi, Seo‐Youn Choi, Soohyun Ahn – 2 August 2018 – We intraindividually compared the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with extracellular contrast agents (ECA‐MRI) and MRI with hepatobiliary agents (HBA‐MRI) for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS).

Keisaku Sato, Marco Marzioni, Fanyin Meng, Heather Francis, Shannon Glaser, Gianfranco Alpini – 2 August 2018 – Ductular reaction (DR) is characterized by the proliferation of reactive bile ducts induced by liver injuries. DR is pathologically recognized as bile duct hyperplasia and is commonly observed in biliary disorders. It can also be identified in various liver disorders including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. DR is associated with liver fibrosis and damage, and the extent of DR parallels to patient mortality.

Long‐Zi Liu, Zhao Zhang, Bo‐Hao Zheng, Yang Shi, Men Duan, Li‐Jie Ma, Zhi‐Chao Wang, Liang‐Qing Dong, Ping‐Ping Dong, Jie‐Yi Shi, Shu Zhang, Zhen‐Bin Ding, Ai‐Wu Ke, Ya Cao, Xiao‐Ming Zhang, Ruibin Xi, Jian Zhou, Jia Fan, Xiao‐Ying Wang, Qiang Gao – 2 August 2018 – Chemokines play a key role in orchestrating the recruitment and positioning of myeloid cells within the tumor microenvironment. However, the tropism regulation and functions of these cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not completely understood.

Zobair M. Younossi – 2 August 2018 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can progress to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), death, or liver transplantation. NASH has also been associated with impaired health‐related quality of life and poses a significant economic burden.

Laura C. Burlage, Sarah Bos, Jelle Adelmeijer, Takumi Sakai, Robert J. Porte, Ton Lisman – 1 August 2018 – Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (ART‐123) is an anticoagulant and anti‐inflammatory agent clinically used for treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Preclinical studies have shown that ART‐123 reduces hepatic ischemia/reperfusion. Although ART‐123 may therefore have clinical benefit in orthotopic liver transplantation, the substantial alterations in the hemostatic system may complicate its use in this setting.

Neil Mehta, Jennifer L. Dodge, Ryutaro Hirose, John P. Roberts, Francis Y. Yao – 1 August 2018 – Given the increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and regional variation in liver transplantation (LT) rates for HCC, we investigated temporal and geographic disparities in LT and wait‐list dropout. LT candidates receiving Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) exception from 2005 to 2014 were identified from the United Network for Organ Sharing database (n = 14,320). Temporal differences were compared across 2 eras (2005‐2009 and 2010‐2014).

Dante Lamberti, Giulia Cristinziano, Manuela Porru, Carlo Leonetti, Jan B. Egan, Chang‐Xin Shi, Simonetta Buglioni, Carla A. Amoreo, Loriana Castellani, Mitesh J. Borad, Stefano Alemà, Sergio Anastasi, Oreste Segatto – 1 August 2018 – About 15% of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICCs) express constitutively active fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusion proteins (FFs) generated by chromosomal translocations.

Virginia Hernández‐Gea, Anna Baiges, Fanny Turon, Juan Carlos Garcia‐Pagán – 31 July 2018 – Idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) is a rare disorder characterized by clinical portal hypertension in the absence of a recognizable cause such as cirrhosis. Laboratory tests often reveal a preserved liver function with anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia due to splenomegaly. Imaging studies reveal signs of portal hypertension, whereas liver stiffness and portal pressure values are usually normal or slightly elevated.

Ping Ye, Mei Xiang, Hua Liao, Jijun Liu, Hongbo Luo, Yayun Wang, Ling Huang, Manhua Chen, Jiahong Xia – 31 July 2018 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), ranging from nonalcoholic fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is the leading cause of chronic liver diseases. Until now, no medications for NAFLD have been approved by relevant governmental agencies. Dual‐specificity phosphatase 9 (Dusp9) is a member of the DUSP protein family. Dusp9 is expressed in insulin‐sensitive tissues, and its expression may be modified with the development of insulin resistance (IR).

Kathleen M. Loomes, Cathie Spino, Nathan P. Goodrich, Thomas N. Hangartner, Amanda E. Marker, James E. Heubi, Binita M. Kamath, Benjamin L. Shneider, Philip Rosenthal, Paula M. Hertel, Saul J. Karpen, Jean P. Molleston, Karen F. Murray, Kathleen B. Schwarz, Robert H. Squires, Jeffrey Teckman, Yumirle P. Turmelle, Estella M. Alonso, Averell H. Sherker, John C. Magee, Ronald J. Sokol, the Childhood Liver Disease Research Network – 31 July 2018 – Osteopenia and bone fractures are significant causes of morbidity in children with cholestatic liver disease.