Inhibition of poly adenosine diphosphate‐ribose polymerase decreases hepatocellular carcinoma growth by modulation of tumor‐related gene expression

Rosa Quiles‐Perez, José Antonio Muñoz‐Gámez, Ángeles Ruiz‐Extremera, Francisco O'Valle, Laura Sanjuán‐Nuñez, Ana Belén Martín‐Álvarez, David Martín‐Oliva, Trinidad Caballero, Paloma Muñoz de Rueda, Josefa León, Raúl Gonzalez, Jordi Muntané, Francisco Javier Oliver, Javier Salmerón – 23 December 2009 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a poor prognosis due to a lack of effective treatment options. In HCC a significant role is played by DNA damage and the inflammatory response.

Increased tumor necrosis factor α–converting enzyme activity induces insulin resistance and hepatosteatosis in mice

Loredana Fiorentino, Alessia Vivanti, Michele Cavalera, Valeria Marzano, Maurizio Ronci, Marta Fabrizi, Stefano Menini, Giuseppe Pugliese, Rossella Menghini, Rama Khokha, Renato Lauro, Andrea Urbani, Massimo Federici – 23 December 2009 – Tumor necrosis factor α–converting enzyme (TACE, also known as ADAM17) was recently involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance.

Apolipoprotein E interacts with hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A and determines assembly of infectious particles

Wagane J. A. Benga, Sophie E. Krieger, Maria Dimitrova, Mirjam B. Zeisel, Marie Parnot, Joachim Lupberger, Eberhard Hildt, Guangxiang Luo, John McLauchlan, Thomas F. Baumert, Catherine Schuster – 23 December 2009 – Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of liver disease worldwide. Restriction of HCV infection to human hepatocytes suggests that liver‐specific host factors play a role in the viral life cycle.

Increased caffeine consumption is associated with reduced hepatic fibrosis

Apurva A. Modi, Jordan J. Feld, Yoon Park, David E. Kleiner, James E. Everhart, T. Jake Liang, Jay H. Hoofnagle – 23 December 2009 – Although coffee consumption has been associated with reduced frequency of liver disease, it is unclear whether the effect is from coffee or caffeine and whether there is an effect on hepatic fibrosis specifically. This study was undertaken to use a food‐frequency instrument for dietary caffeine consumption to evaluate the relationship between caffeine intake and liver fibrosis.

Highly efficient generation of human hepatocyte–like cells from induced pluripotent stem cells

Karim Si‐Tayeb, Fallon K. Noto, Masato Nagaoka, Jixuan Li, Michele A. Battle, Christine Duris, Paula E. North, Stephen Dalton, Stephen A. Duncan – 23 December 2009 – There exists a worldwide shortage of donor livers available for orthotropic liver transplantation and hepatocyte transplantation therapies.

The cytoprotective effects of addition of activated protein C into preservation solution on small‐for‐size grafts in rats

Naohisa Kuriyama, Shuji Isaji, Takashi Hamada, Masashi Kishiwada, Ichiro Ohsawa, Masanobu Usui, Hiroyuki Sakurai, Masami Tabata, Tatsuya Hayashi, Koji Suzuki – 23 December 2009 – Small‐for‐size liver grafts are a serious obstacle for partial orthotopic liver transplantation. Activated protein C (APC), a potent anticoagulant serine protease, is known to have cell‐protective properties due to its anti‐inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities.

Pregnancy outcomes among liver transplant recipients in the United States: A nationwide case‐control analysis

Carla S. Coffin, Abdel Aziz M. Shaheen, Kelly W. Burak, Robert P. Myers – 23 December 2009 – Liver transplant recipients and their infants may have an increased risk of obstetric complications. Our objective was to describe pregnancy outcomes in women with a prior transplant from a population‐based perspective. We analyzed the 1993–2005 US Nationwide Inpatient Sample database to identify obstetric hospitalizations among transplant recipients (n = 206) and controls matched by age, hospital, and year (n = 4060).

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