Ariel E. Feldstein, Gregory J. Gores – 14 October 2004

Roniel Cabrera, Zhengkun Tu, Yiling Xu, Roberto J. Firpi, Hugo R. Rosen, Chen Liu, David R. Nelson – 14 October 2004 – The CD4+CD25+ regulatory T lymphocytes have been implicated in suppressing T cell immune responses. Our aim was to characterize the frequency, phenotype, function, and specificity of CD4+CD25+ T cells in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

Kiminori Kimura, Masahito Nagaki, Shinji Takai, Shinichi Satake, Hisataka Moriwaki – 14 October 2004 – Nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) has a central role in coordinating the expression of a wide variety of genes that control immune responses and is also recognized as an antiapoptotic transcription factor. Here, we focused on the role of the NF‐κB signaling pathway in the interaction between inflammatory cells and hepatocytes in liver inflammation.

Takuya Miyagi, Tetsuo Takehara, Tomohide Tatsumi, Takahiro Suzuki, Masahisa Jinushi, Yoshiyuki Kanazawa, Naoki Hiramatsu, Tatsuya Kanto, Shingo Tsuji, Masatsugu Hori, Norio Hayashi – 14 October 2004 – Concanavalin A (ConA), directly injected into mice, induces T cell–mediated liver injury. However, it remains unclear whether ConA injection can activate innate immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells and natural killer T (NKT) cells, both of which exist abundantly in the liver.

Gabriele Sass, Stefan Seyfried, Miguel Parreira Soares, Kenichiro Yamashita, Elzbieta Kaczmarek, Winfried L. Neuhuber, Gisa Tiegs – 14 October 2004 – Induction of the heme‐degrading enzyme heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) has been shown to be beneficial in terms of improvement of liver allograft survival and prevention of CD95‐mediated apoptosis in the liver.

Adrian “Rusty” Reuben – 14 October 2004

Manuel Hernández‐Guerra, Juan Turnes, Pablo Rubinstein, Simon Olliff, Elwyn Elias, Jaime Bosch, Juan Carlos García‐Pagán – 14 October 2004 – Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) have been shown to be an efficient portal‐systemic derivative treatment for Budd‐Chiari syndrome (BCS) patients uncontrolled by medical therapy. However, the main drawback of TIPS for this condition is a very high rate of shunt dysfunction. Recently, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)‐covered stents have been shown to reduce the incidence of TIPS dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis.

Scott L. Friedman – 14 October 2004

Heike Bantel, Andreas Lügering, Jan Heidemann, Xandra Volkmann, Christopher Poremba, Christian P. Strassburg, Michael Peter Manns, Klaus Schulze‐Osthoff – 14 October 2004 – Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is characterized by inflammatory liver damage and is associated with a high risk of development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although histological examination of liver biopsies is currently the gold standard for the detection of early liver damage, there is a strong need for better noninvasive methods.

Sigal Kremer‐Tal, Helen L. Reeves, Goutham Narla, Swan N. Thung, Myron Schwartz, Analisa Difeo, Amanda Katz, Jordi Bruix, Paulette Bioulac‐Sage, John A. Martignetti, Scott L. Friedman – 14 October 2004 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, reflecting incomplete characterization of underlying mechanisms and lack of early detection. Krüppel‐like factor 6 (KLF6) is a ubiquitously expressed zinc finger transcription factor that is deregulated in multiple cancers through loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and/or inactivating somatic mutation.