Regina Corbalán, Nicolas Chatauret, Sönke Behrends, Roger F. Butterworth, Vicente Felipo – 30 December 2003 – Modulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) by nitric oxide (NO) is altered in brain from experimental animals with hyperammonemia with or without liver failure. The aim of this work was to assess the content and modulation of sGC in brain in chronic liver failure in humans. Expression of the α‐1, α‐2, and β‐1 subunits of sGC was measured by immunoblotting in autopsied frontal cortex and cerebellum from cirrhotic patients and controls.

Hélène Strick‐Marchand, Mary C. Weiss – 30 December 2003 – This work shows that hepatic cell lines reproducibly can be derived from E14 embryos of many mouse inbred strains. These bipotential mouse embryonic liver (BMEL) cell lines present a mixed morphology, containing both epithelial and palmate‐like cells, and an uncoupled phenotype, expressing hepatocyte transcription factors (HNF1α, HNF4α, GATA4) but not functions (apolipoproteins, albumin). BMEL cells are bipotential: under inducing conditions they express hepatocyte and bile duct functions.

Ludger Leifeld, Silvia Cheng, Jan Ramakers, Franz‐Ludwig Dumoulin, Christian Trautwein, Tilman Sauerbruch, Ulrich Spengler – 30 December 2003 – In murine models, overexpression of interleukin (IL)‐12 and interferon (IFN)‐γ can induce severe liver damage, whereas IL‐10 has anti‐inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties.

Pierre Pradat, Alfredo Alberti, Thierry Poynard, Juan‐Ignacio Esteban, Ola Weiland, Patrick Marcellin, Salvatore Badalamenti, Christian Trépo – 30 December 2003 – The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the predictive value of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels for histologic findings in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Data on 864 HCV RNA–positive patients were collected. ALT values were obtained at the time of biopsy (before treatment), and normal ALT values were defined as normal values obtained at serial evaluations during a 6‐month period.

Giorgio Saracco, Alda Olivero, Alessia Ciancio, Silvia Carenzi, Antonina Smedile, Giuseppe Cariti, Massimo Andreoni, Pier Giulio Orsi, Alberto Biglino, Marco Tabone, Luigi Roffi, Guido Croce, Aldo Manca, Gianfranco Tappero, Giovannino Ciccone, Mario Rizzetto – 30 December 2003 – To determine whether a higher dosage of interferon (IFN) and/or a prolonged time of administration may improve the efficacy of combination therapy, we conducted a 4‐arm randomized trial on patients with chronic hepatitis C relapsing after 1 or more previous treatment courses with IFN monotherapy.

Steven P. Anderson, Lawrence Yoon, Erika B. Richard, Corrie S. Dunn, Russell C. Cattley, J. Christopher Corton – 30 December 2003 – Peroxisome proliferator chemicals, acting via the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α (Pparα), are potent hepatic mitogens and carcinogens in mice and rats. To test whether Pparα is required for hepatic growth in response to other stimuli, we studied liver regeneration and hepatic gene expression following partial hepatectomy (PH) of wild‐type and Pparα‐null mice.

Lars E. Schmidt, Kim Dalhoff – 30 December 2003 – Hypophosphatemia is frequently observed in acetaminophen‐induced hepatotoxicity and may be involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic failure. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of serial measurements of serum phosphate in patients with severe acetaminophen poisoning. Prospectively, serial measurements of serum phosphate were performed in 125 patients with severe acetaminophen poisoning. The optimum threshold value of serum phosphate to discriminate nonsurvivors was identified.

Gautam P. Yagnik, Yoshihito Takahashi, George Tsoulfas, Kaye Reid, Noriko Murase, David A. Geller – 30 December 2003 – Organ graft preservation injury is a major problem complicating liver transplantation. The L‐arginine/nitric oxide pathway has protective effects in several models of liver injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the L‐arginine/NO synthase (NOS) pathway on liver preservation injury and to characterize endogenous inducible NOS (iNOS) expression.

Yun Ma, Giorgina Mieli‐Vergani, Diego Vergani – 30 December 2003

Catherine Sgro, François Clinard, Kader Ouazir, Henry Chanay, Christian Allard, Christian Guilleminet, Claude Lenoir, Alain Lemoine, Patrick Hillon – 30 December 2003 – The incidence of hepatic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) remains unknown in the general population. The goal of this population‐based study was to assess the incidence and seriousness of hepatic ADRs.