Role of Farnesoid X Receptor and Bile Acids in Hepatic Tumor Development

Shogo Takahashi, Naoki Tanaka, Tatsuki Fukami, Cen Xie, Tomoki Yagai, Donghwan Kim, Thomas J. Velenosi, Tingting Yan, Kristopher W. Krausz, Moshe Levi, Frank J. Gonzalez – 1 October 2018 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, and an association between altered bile acid (BA) metabolism, down‐regulation of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), which is a master regulator of BA metabolism, and hepatocarcinogenesis has been documented.

Living Donor Liver Transplantation Using Selected Grafts With 2 Bile Ducts Compared With 1 Bile Duct Does Not Impact Patient Outcome

Dagmar Kollmann, Nicolas Goldaracena, Gonzalo Sapisochin, Ivan Linares, Nazia Selzner, Bettina E. Hansen, Mamatha Bhat, Mark S. Cattral, Paul D. Greig, Les Lilly, Ian D. McGilvray, Anand Ghanekar, David R. Grant, Markus Selzner – 28 September 2018 – The outcome after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using grafts with multiple bile ducts (BDs) remains unclear. We analyzed 510 patients who received an adult‐to‐adult right lobe LDLT between 2000 and 2015 and compared outcome parameters of those receiving grafts with 2 BDs (n = 169) with patients receiving grafts with 1 BD (n = 320).

Lymphoid Enhancer Factor 1 Contributes to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through Transcriptional Regulation of Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition Regulators and Stemness Genes

Chih‐Li Chen, Yu‐Shuen Tsai, Yen‐Hua Huang, Yuh‐Jin Liang, Ya‐Yun Sun, Chien‐Wei Su, Gar‐Yang Chau, Yi‐Chen Yeh, Yung‐Sheng Chang, Jui‐Ting Hu, Jaw‐Ching Wu – 28 September 2018 – Lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF1) activity is associated with progression of several types of cancers. The role of LEF1 in progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poorly known.

Multitarget Direct‐Acting Antiviral Therapy Is Associated With Superior Immunologic Recovery in Patients Coinfected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus

Shikha Shrivastava, Manasa Bhatta, Haley Ward, Sara Romani, Rebecca Lee, Elana Rosenthal, Anu Osinusi, Anita Kohli, Henry Masur, Shyam Kottilil, Eleanor Wilson – 27 September 2018 – Patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have higher levels of immune activation, impaired antigen‐specific responses, and accelerated fibrogenesis compared to patients monoinfected with HCV. Whether different direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) combinations have differential effects on immunophenotypes and functions following successful HCV therapy remain unknown.

Hepatic Nuclear Receptor Expression Associates with Features of Histology in Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Erin E. Elbel, Joel E. Lavine, Michael Downes, Mark Van Natta, Ruth Yu, Jeffrey B. Schwimmer, Cynthia Behling, Elizabeth M. Brunt, James Tonascia, Ronald Evans – 27 September 2018 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in children and adults. This study examined the relationship between hepatic nuclear receptor (NR) expression and histologic features of NAFLD. Drugs targeting a variety of NRs for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are in clinical trials.

Prohibitin 1 Acts As a Negative Regulator of Wingless/Integrated‐Beta‐Catenin Signaling in Murine Liver and Human Liver Cancer Cells

Nirmala Mavila, Yuanyuan Tang, Joshua Berlind, Komal Ramani, Jiaohong Wang, José M. Mato, Shelly C. Lu – 27 September 2018 – Prohibitin1 (PHB1) is a mitochondrial chaperone with diverse functions that include cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial homoeostasis. Liver‐specific Phb1 knockout (KO) mice develop spontaneous injury and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous work demonstrated that PHB1 negatively regulates the H19‐insulin‐like growth factor 2 (IGF2)‐H19‐IGF2 axis signaling pathway and E‐box activity in hepatocytes and HCC cells.

Subscribe to