Cylindromatosis gene CYLD regulates hepatocyte growth factor expression in hepatic stellate cells through interaction with histone deacetylase 7

Rajeswara R. Pannem, Christoph Dorn, Claus Hellerbrand, Ramin Massoumi – 9 May 2014 – Hepatic fibrosis is considered as a physiological wound‐healing response to liver injury. The process involves several factors, such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which restrains hepatic injury and facilitates reversibility of fibrotic reaction in response to an acute insult. Chronic liver injury and sustained inflammation cause progressive fibrosis and, ultimately, organ dysfunction. The mechanisms tipping the balance from restoration to progressive liver tissue scarring are not well understood.

Cognitive impairment and electroencephalographic alterations before and after liver transplantation: What is reversible?

Francesca Campagna, Sara Montagnese, Sami Schiff, Anna Biancardi, Daniela Mapelli, Paolo Angeli, Carlo Poci, Umberto Cillo, Carlo Merkel, Angelo Gatta, Piero Amodio – 9 May 2014 – The influence of liver transplantation (LT) on mental performance is debated, as is the role of pretransplant overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE). The aim of this study was to evaluate the time course of the neuropsychological and electroencephalogram (EEG) features of patients with cirrhosis before and after LT with respect to prior OHE.

Risk factors and surgical management of anastomotic biliary complications after pediatric liver transplantation

Tom Darius, Jairo Rivera, Fabio Fusaro, Quirino Lai, Catherine de Magnée, Christophe Bourdeaux, Magdalena Janssen, Philippe Clapuyt, Raymond Reding – 9 May 2014 – Biliary complications (BCs) still remain the Achilles heel of liver transplantation (LT) with an overall incidence of 10% to 35% in pediatric series.

Telaprevir‐based treatment effects on hepatitis C virus in liver and blood

Andrew H. Talal, Rositsa B. Dimova, Eileen Z. Zhang, Min Jiang, Marina S. Penney, James C. Sullivan, Martyn C. Botfield, Ananthsrinivas Chakilam, Rishikesh Sawant, Christine M. Cervini, Marija Zeremski, Ira M. Jacobson, Ann D. Kwong – 8 May 2014 – Understanding hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication has been limited by access to serial samples of liver, the primary site of viral replication. Our understanding of how HCV replicates and develops drug‐resistant variants in the liver is limited.

Impaired functional capacity in potential liver transplant candidates predicts short‐term mortality before transplantation

Maggie M. G. Ow, Paul Erasmus, Gary Minto, Richard Struthers, Moby Joseph, Aileen Smith, Usama M. Warshow, Matthew E. Cramp, Tim J. S. Cross – 8 May 2014 – Liver transplantation (LT) is a lifesaving treatment. Because of the shortage of donor organs, some patients will not survive long enough to receive a transplant. The identification of LT candidates at increased risk of short‐term mortality without transplantation may affect listing decisions.

Sanguineous normothermic machine perfusion improves hemodynamics and biliary epithelial regeneration in donation after cardiac death porcine livers

Qiang Liu, Ahmed Nassar, Kevin Farias, Laura Buccini, William Baldwin, Martin Mangino, Ana Bennett, Colin O'Rourke, Toshiro Okamoto, Teresa Diago Uso, John Fung, Kareem Abu‐Elmagd, Charles Miller, Cristiano Quintini – 8 May 2014 – The effects of normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) on the postreperfusion hemodynamics and extrahepatic biliary duct histology of donation after cardiac death (DCD) livers after transplantation have not been addressed thoroughly and represent the objective of this study.

Prosurvival function of the cellular apoptosis susceptibility/importin‐α1 transport cycle is repressed by p53 in liver cancer

Juliane Winkler, Alessandro Ori, Kerstin Holzer, Carsten Sticht, Daniel Dauch, Eva Maria Eiteneuer, Federico Pinna, Robert Geffers, Volker Ehemann, Amparo Andres‐Pons, Kai Breuhahn, Thomas Longerich, Justo Lorenzo Bermejo, Norbert Gretz, Lars Zender, Peter Schirmacher, Martin Beck, Stephan Singer – 6 May 2014 – Proteins of the karyopherin superfamily including importins and exportins represent an essential part of the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery. However, the functional relevance and regulation of karyopherins in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly understood.

Elevated sensitivity of macrosteatotic hepatocytes to hypoxia/reoxygenation stress is reversed by a novel defatting protocol

Nir I. Nativ, Gabriel Yarmush, Ashley So, Jeffery Barminko, Timothy J. Maguire, Rene Schloss, Francois Berthiaume, Martin L. Yarmush – 6 May 2014 – Macrosteatotic livers exhibit elevated intrahepatic triglyceride (TG) levels in the form of large lipid droplets (LDs), reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and this contributes to their elevated sensitivity to ischemia/reperfusion injury during transplantation. Reducing macrosteatosis in living donors through dieting has been shown to improve transplant outcomes.

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