Zhipeng Meng, Xianghui Fu, Xiaosong Chen, Samuel Zeng, Yan Tian, Richard Jove, Rongzhen Xu, Wendong Huang – 20 August 2010 – MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by interacting with the 3′ untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of multiple mRNAs. Recent studies have linked miRNAs to the development of cancer metastasis. In this study, we show that miR‐194 is specifically expressed in the human gastrointestinal tract and kidney.

Yongjun Wang, Rajat Singh, Youqing Xiang, Linda E. Greenbaum, Mark J. Czaja – 20 August 2010 – The sensitization of hepatocytes to cell death from tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) underlies many forms of hepatic injury, including that from toxins. Critical for hepatocyte resistance to TNFα toxicity is activation of nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) signaling, which prevents TNFα‐induced death by the up‐regulation of protective proteins.

Lucy Golden‐Mason, Andrea L. Cox, Jessica A. Randall, Linling Cheng, Hugo R. Rosen – 19 August 2010 – CD56pos natural killer (NK)/natural T (NT) cells are important innate effectors providing the first line of defense against viral infection. Enhanced NK activity has been shown to protect from human immunodeficiency virus‐1 infection. However, the role played by these innate effectors in protection against or development of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is unknown.

Aurélie C. Fabre, Camille Malaval, Abduelhakem Ben Addi, Céline Verdier, Véronique Pons, Nizar Serhan, Laeticia Lichtenstein, Guillaume Combes, Thierry Huby, François Briand, Xavier Collet, Niels Nijstad, Uwe J.F. Tietge, Bernard Robaye, Bertrand Perret, Jean‐Marie Boeynaems, Laurent O. Martinez – 19 August 2010 – A major atheroprotective functionality of high‐density lipoproteins (HDLs) is to promote “reverse cholesterol transport” (RCT).

Chau‐Ting Yeh, Mary So, Jennifer Ng, Han‐Wen Yang, Ming‐Ling Chang, Ming‐Wei Lai, Tse‐Ching Chen, Chun‐Yen Lin, Ta‐Sen Yeh, Wei‐Chen Lee – 19 August 2010 – Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major etiological factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the postoperative prognostic value of the virological factors assayed directly from liver tissue has never been investigated. To address this issue, 185 liver samples obtained from the noncancerous part of surgically removed HBV‐associated HCC tissues were subjected to virological analysis.

Joep de Bruijne, Jilling F. Bergmann, Henk W. Reesink, Christine J. Weegink, Richard Molenkamp, Janke Schinkel, Xiao Tong, Jing Li, Michelle A. Treitel, Eric A. Hughes, Jan Jaap van Lier, Andre A. van Vliet, Harry L. A. Janssen, Robert J. de Knegt – 19 August 2010 – Narlaprevir (SCH 900518) is a potent inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 3 serine protease that is primarily metabolized by the cytochrome P450‐3A4 system.

Paola Vitaglione, Filomena Morisco, Giovanna Mazzone, Daniela Caterina Amoruso, Maria Teresa Ribecco, Antonietta Romano, Vincenzo Fogliano, Nicola Caporaso, Giuseppe D'Argenio – 19 August 2010 – Epidemiological data associate coffee consumption with a lower prevalence of chronic liver disease and a reduced risk of elevated liver enzyme levels (γ glutamyl transpeptidase and alanine aminotransferase), advanced liver disease and its complications, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

David E. J. Jones, Julia L. Newton – 19 August 2010

Gemma Brufau, Frans Stellaard, Kris Prado, Vincent W. Bloks, Elles Jonkers, Renze Boverhof, Folkert Kuipers, Elizabeth J. Murphy – 19 August 2010 – Bile acids (BAs) are essential for fat absorption and appear to modulate glucose and energy metabolism. Colesevelam, a BA sequestrant, improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to characterize the alterations in BA metabolism associated with T2DM and colesevelam treatment and to establish whether metabolic consequences of T2DM and colesevelam are related to changes in BA metabolism.

Tugrul Purnak, Cumali Efe, Yavuz Beyazit, Ersan Ozaslan – 19 August 2010