Ashok B. Jain, Bijan Eghtesad, Raman Venkataramanan, Paulo A. Fontes, Randeep Kashyap, Igor Dvorchik, A. Obaid Shakil, Leah Kingery, John J. Fung – 30 December 2003 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is currently the most common etiology for liver transplantation (LTx) in the United States. A significant number of patients develop recurrent HCV after LTx. Although there is no completely satisfactory treatment for recurrent HCV, a combination of interferon‐α (INF) and ribavirin remains the most widely used.

Wendy L. Frankel, Jason G. Tranovich, Laura Salter, Ginny Bumgardner, Peter Baker – 30 December 2003 – Macrovesicular steatosis (MaS), fibrosis, and inflammation have been associated with poor graft function after liver transplantation. We evaluated histological variation in livers to determine the optimal number of biopsies to estimate pathological characteristics in livers for transplantation. Specimens from autopsies performed during 3 months in 16‐ to 70‐years‐olds without known liver disease or drug and/or alcohol abuse were examined.

Hwan Y. Yoo, Ernesto Molmenti, Paul J. Thuluvath – 30 December 2003 – Previous studies have suggested that moderate donor liver steatosis is associated with an increased incidence of primary graft nonfunction (PGNF), delayed graft function, early graft loss, and retransplantation rates. The objective of our study was to determine the effect of donor body mass index (dBMI), after adjusting for other known confounding variables, on PGNF, early graft failure, retransplantation rate, and patient survival.

Dharmesh Kapoor, Doris N. Redhead, Peter C. Hayes, David J. Webb, Rajiv Jalan – 30 December 2003 – An acute increase in portal pressure or reduction in portal inflow has been shown to decrease renal plasma flow (RPF). The aim of the study was to evaluate regional and systemic hemodynamics after acute occlusion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent‐shunt (TIPSS) and study the effect of the same on plasma endothelin (ET‐1) levels in the systemic circulation, renal vein, and hepatic vein. Sixteen patients attending for portography after previous TIPSS placement were studied.

Douglas W. Hanto, Annie H. Fecteau, Maria H. Alonso, John F. Valente, James F. Whiting – 30 December 2003 – ABO‐incompatible liver transplants (LTX) have been associated with a high risk of antibody‐mediated rejection, poor patient and graft survival, and a high risk of vascular thrombosis and ischemic bile duct complications.

Shawn D. St. Peter, David J. Post, Manuel I. Rodriguez‐Davalos, David D. Douglas, Adyr A. Moss, David C. Mulligan – 30 December 2003 – The goal of this report is to evaluate in a prospective randomized fashion the effect of flushing hepatic allografts with tacrolimus before transplantation. A prospective, double‐blinded, randomized trial was performed. Twenty patients receiving orthotopic liver transplants from October 2000 to October 2001 were randomized into two groups.

Shawn D. St. Peter, Adyr A. Moss, David C. Mulligan – 30 December 2003 – In addition to efficacious immunosuppression for the benefit of organ transplantation, tacrolimus has diverse actions that result in amelioration of ischemia‐reperfusion injury. Knowledge is accumulating rapidly on the mechanisms through which tacrolimus exerts these cytoprotective effects, including alterations in microcirculation, free radical metabolism, calcium‐activated pathways, inflammatory cascades, mitochondrial stability, apoptosis, stress‐response proteins, and tissue recovery.

Yasuhiko Sugawara, Masatoshi Makuuchi, Hiroshi Imamura, Junichi Kaneko, Norihiro Kokudo – 30 December 2003 – The risk of outflow obstruction in extended right liver grafts remains a concern. We developed two procedures to minimize torsion in venous anastomosis and to achieve a short warm ischemic time of the graft. When there were no major short hepatic veins in the graft, a square‐shaped vein graft was used to make a single orifice using the middle and right hepatic veins in the graft.

Nicholas N. Onaca, Marlon F. Levy, Edmund Q. Sanchez, Srinath Chinnakotla, Carlos G. Fasola, Mark J. Thomas, Jeffrey S. Weinstein, Natalie G. Murray, Robert M. Goldstein, Goran B. Klintmalm – 30 December 2003 – The Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score is now the criteria for allocation in liver transplantation for patients with chronic disease. Although the score has been effective in the prediction of mortality in patients awaiting liver transplantation, its abilities to predict posttransplantation outcome need study.

Dianne LaPointe Rudow, Mark W. Russo, Sylvia Hafliger, Jean C. Emond, Robert S. Brown – 30 December 2003 – The shortage of cadaver livers and improved outcomes in partial liver transplants has led to an increase in adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Only a fraction of potential liver recipients have donors. The characteristics of candidates who have volunteers for living donation may be different than those without donors. We compared adult patients on the waiting list who had potential living donors with those who did not have living donors.