Mohammad Sultan Khuroo, Showkat Ali Zargar, Ghulam Nabi Yattoo, Mohammed Sultan Allai, Bashir Ahmad Khan, Mohammed Yousuf Dar, Mohammed Iqbal Boda, Gul Javid – 1 January 1993 – Oddi's sphincter motor activity was studied in 15 healthy subjects and 15 patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. No significant difference was found in the common bile duct pressures, the Oddi's sphincter basal pressures or the amplitude, frequency and duration of phasic contractions between the controls and patients.

1 January 1993

Jorge J. Gumucio, W. Michael McDonnell, Michael R. Lucey – 1 January 1993 – Background. There is a high prevalence of liver disease among the recipients of organs from donors with antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV). We undertook a study to determine the frequency of persistent HCV infection, as indicated by the presence of HCV RNA, among both cadaveric organ donors positive for antibodies to HCV (anti‐HCV) and the recipients of organs from these donors.

Jin K. Kim, Sandra N. Summer, Randy L. Howard, Robert W. Schrier – 1 January 1993 – Impaired ability to excrete a water load occurs in a substantial number of patients with advanced cirrhosis and in animals with experimental cirrhosis. The nonosmotic stimulation of arginine vasopressin release from the pituitary has been implicated as an important factor in the abnormal water excretion in patients and animals with cirrhosis. In this study, arginine vasopressin hypothalamic gene expression was studied in cirrhotic rats.

David A. Brenner – 1 January 1993 – Since many lines of evidence suggest that expression of the transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) gene may be regulated post‐transcriptionally, we examined the effect of the 5′‐untranslated region (UTR) of this gene on TGF‐β1 expression. For this purpose, fragments of the 840‐nucleotide highly GC‐rich TGF‐β1 5′‐UTR were inserted into the 5′‐UTR of the structural gene for human growth hormone driven by the simian virus 40 early promoter.

Ikko Higaki, Isao Matsui‐yuasa, Masanobu Terakura, Shuzo Otani, Hiroaki Kinoshita – 1 January 1993 – The effect of hepatocyte growth factor on ornithine decarboxylase activity was studied in primary cultured adult rat hepatocytes. Ornithine decarboxylase activity was increased 3 hr after the addition of hepatocyte growth factor and remained at a high level until 12 hr; thereafter it decreased, and it returned to the control level by 24 hr. Enzyme activity began to increase with 1 ng/ml hepatocyte growth factor and reached its maximum with 5 ng/ml hepatocyte growth factor.

Josep Llach, Pere Ginès, Vicente Arroyo, Joan Manuel Salmerón, Angels Ginès, Joan Rodés, Wladimiro Jiménez, Joan Gaya, Francisca Rivera – 1 January 1993 – Adenosine is a potent endogenous renal vasoconstrictor. To investigate the sensitivity of the renal circulation to adenosine in cirrhosis, we evaluated kidney function and vasoactive hormones in 20 patients with cirrhosis before and after administration of dipyridamole (0.4 mg/kg, intravenously), a drug that increases extracellular levels of adenosine.

Shujiro Takase, Mikihiro Tsutsumi, Hiromu Kawahara, Nobuo Takada, Akira Takada – 1 January 1993 – Progression of alcoholic liver disease is closely related to drinking habits. However, prognosis of alcoholic liver disease is not determined just by drinking habits, but also by other factors. In this study, the roles of alcohol‐altered liver membrane antibody and hepatitis C virus infection were analyzed in alcoholic patients who were followed up for various lengths of time.

Diane C. Marsh, Paul K. Vreugdenhil, Vivian E. Mack, Folkert O. Belzer, James H. Southard – 1 January 1993 – Isolated hepatocytes, suspended in an organ preservation solution, can be preserved at 4°C for up to 6 days. After preservation, normothermic‐normoxic incubation causes loss of hepatocyte viability. The addition of 3 mmol/L glycine to the rewarming medium prevents the loss of viability. In this study we investigated the cytoprotective effects of glycine under many conditions known to cause hepatocellular injury to understand the mechanism of cold‐induced injury in the liver.

Harold O. Conn – 1 January 1993