Tünde E. Felker, Donald Gantz, Anna M. Tercyak, Cheryl Oliva, Susanne Bennett Clark, Donald M. Small – 1 August 1991 – Isolated rat livers were perfused with an oxygenated perfluorocarbon emulsion, FC‐43 emulsion for 1 to 4 hr. FC‐43 emulsion contained 20% FC‐43 (wt/vol) perfluorotributylamine (the fluorocarbon component for the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide) emulsified with 2.56% Pluronic F‐68 (a nonionic surfactant) in Krebs‐Ringer bicarbonate buffer. FC‐43 emulsion also contained 3% hydroxyethyl starch as an oncotic agent and 1.8 mg/ml glucose.

Craig J. McClain – 1 August 1991 – Study Objective: To determine whether elevated tumor necrosis factor levels contribute to the clinical manifestations and complications of severe acute alcoholic hepatitis and to evaluate the relation between tumor necrosis factor and plasma levels of endotoxin and interleukin‐1β.

1 August 1991

William F. Carman, Elizabeth A. Fagan, Stephanos Hadziyannis, Peter Karayianni, Nicolaos C. Tassopoulos, Roger Williams, Howard C. Thomas – 1 August 1991 – A variant of hepatitis B virus has been described recently in HBsAg+ Mediterranean patients who lack HBeAg and who have an unusual and severe form of chronic hepatitis. This variant is unable to produce HBeAg because of the presence of a novel translational stop codon at the end of the precore region of the genome.

Frank Autschbach, Stefan C. Meuer, Ulrich Moebius, Michael Manns, Georg Hess, Karl‐Hermann Meyer Zum Büschenfelde, Wolfgang Thoenes, Hans‐Peter Dienes – 1 August 1991 – T lymphocyte—mediated cytolytic immune reactions are considered a major cause of hepatocyte injury in chronic viral and autoimmune hepatitis.

Richard Eastell, E. Rolland Dickson, Stephen F. Hodgson, Russell H. Wiesner, Michael K. Porayko, Heinz W. Wahner, Sandra L. Cedel, B. Lawrence Riggs, Ruud A. F. Krom – 1 August 1991 – Atraumatic fractures caused by osteoporosis may be a serious complication of primary biliary cirrhosis. Mean (± S.D.) bone mineral density in the lumbar spine in 210 ambulatory women with primary biliary cirrhosis was 1.02 ± 0.19 gm/cm2, 7% lower than that in 139 age‐matched normal women (after adjustment for age and body weight) (p < 0.001).

Axel Holstege, Heide‐Maria Gengenbacher, Linda Jehle, Johannes Hoppmann – 1 August 1991 – In mammalian cells, nucleoside transport usually is mediated by facilitated diffusion. In addition, a Na+‐dependent, concentrative nucleoside transport system has been detected in several tissues but not the liver.

Kenneth S. Lown, Paul B. Watkins – 1 August 1991 – In previous papers we demonstrated that cyclosporin A (CsA) was specifically oxidized in rabbit and human liver by cytochrome P‐450IIIA. We therefore anticipated that any drug that is an inducer or an inhibitor of this cytochrome should lead to interaction with CsA when given in association with it.

Raymond S. Koff – 1 August 1991

Hajime Takikawa, Naoyo Sano, Tohru Narita, Yoshinobu Uchida, Masami Yamanaka, Tohru Horie, Takashi Mikami, Osamu Tagaya – 1 August 1991 – The hepatic transport of bile acid conjugates was studied in the Eisai hyperbilirubinuria rat, a Sprague‐Dawley mutant rat with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Serum bile acid levels were increased, bile acid‐independent bile flow was decreased and biliary glutathione concentrations were markedly decreased in the Eisai hyperbilirubinuria rat.