Hyperglycemia‐induced cholestasis in the isolated perfused rat liver

Jose J. G. Marin, Pilar Bravo, Fernando Perez Barriocanal, Mohamad Y. El‐Mir, Gloria R. Villanueva – 1 July 1991 – In a previous report we showed that cholestasis in diabetic rats is due in part to hyperglycemia. To gain information about the mechanism responsible for this phenomenon, bile flow was studied in isolated perfused rat livers. The perfusion media were modified erythrocyte‐free Krebs‐Henseleit solutions.

Purification of hepatocyte couplets by centrifugal elutriation

Joanne C. Wilton, Delyth E. Williams, Alastair J. Strain, Rosemary A. Parslow, J. Kevin Chipman, Roger Coleman – 1 July 1991 – An initial preparation of rat hepatocytes containing approximately 30% couplets was enriched by centrifugal elutriation. Of the couplets loaded onto the elutriator, 87% were eluted at medium flow rates of 60 to 80 ml/min at a rotor speed of 1,100 rpm; cells eluted in this range maintained a viability of more than 95%. Peak fractions were enriched in couplets to 84.5% ± 2.5%.

Increased tumor necrosis factor‐α receptor number in chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Johnson Y. N. Lau, Nick Sheron, Kayhan T. Nouri‐Aria, Graeme J. M. Alexander, Roger Williams – 1 July 1991 – Production of the antiviral cytokine, tumor necrosis factor‐α is increased in chronic hepatitis B virus infection, and clinical studies of tumor necrosis factor‐α have indicated a proviral effect at higher doses.

Acidosis protects against lethal oxidative injury of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells

Steven F. Bronk, Gregory J. Gores – 1 July 1991 – The purposes of this study were to determine the pH dependence of lethal endothelial cell injury during oxidative stress and the pH dependence of those cellular mechanisms proposed to result in endothelial cell killing. Oxidative stress was produced in rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells with H2O2 (5 mmol/L). Cell survival was dependent on the extracellular pH. Indeed, after 180 min of incubation with H2O2, cell survival was only 27% at pH 7.4,45% at pH 6.8 (p <0.05) and 62% at pH 6.4 (p <0.05).

Persistence of hepatitis B viral DNA after serological recovery from hepatitis B virus infection

Hubert E. Blum, T. Jake Liang, Eithan Galun, Jack R. Wands – 1 July 1991 – Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a major medical problem worldwide. Apart from HBsAg carriers, hepatitis B virus has also been identified in some HBsAg—individuals with or without antibodies to viral antigens. The molecular mechanisms underlying hepatitis B virus persistence in HBsAg—individuals are unresolved, however. To identify a possible genetic basis for viral persistence, we cloned the viral genome from the liver of a patient serologically immune to hepatitis B virus infection.

Aztreonam vs. cefotaxime in the treatment of gram‐negative spontaneous peritonitis in cirrhotic patients

Javier Ariza, Xavier Xiol, Maria Esteve, Fernando Fernández Bañeres, Josefina Liñares, Teresa Alonso, Francisco Gudiol – 1 July 1991 – Aztreonam and cefotaxime were compared in 44 cirrhotic patients who had 52 episodes of gramnegative spontaneous peritonitis. Patients were randomized into two therapeutic groups of similar characteristics. Group A (28 episodes) received 0.5 gm of aztreonam every 8 hr, and group B (24 episodes) received 1 gm of cefotaxime every 6 hr, for a planned 14‐day period.

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