Michael S. Kressner, Richard J. Stockert, Anatol G. Morell, Irmin Sternlieb – 1 September 1984 – We tested the hypothesis that the copper present in bile‐the major route of elimination of the metal from the body‐is derived exclusively from hepatocytes by administering radiocopper (84Cu or 67Cu)‐labeled ionic Cu, desialylated (AsCPN) or intact human ceruloplasmin (CPN), intravenously, to rats with cannulated bile ducts. The rates of appearance and the total amounts of radiolabeled isotope recovered in bile were measured.

Edna Ben‐Porath, Jack Wands, Mignon Gruia, Kurt Isselbacher – 1 September 1984 – We assessed the significance of the enhanced detection by monoclonal radioimmunoassay (M‐RIA) of HBsAg in serum of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In acute HBV infection, the M‐RIA detected HBsAg in the blood for a far longer period of time than previously recognized. In some patients, the “window phase” of HBV infection (defined as the presence of anti‐HBc and the lack of detectable HBsAg and anti‐HBs) was shortened or completely eliminated.

Padmanabhan Balaram – 1 September 1984

William I. Higuchi – 1 September 1984 – The purpose of this paper is to review the past and current in vitro studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms of cholesterol gallstone dissolution in bile. As is pointed out, there has been considerable progress in this area during the past 15 years with regard to the physical chemistry of the dissolution process.

Karl Müller – 1 September 1984 – Mixed micelles formed by the major constituents of native bile, i.e., bile salts and lecithin, were studied by X‐ray scattering differential scanning calorimetry and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The aim of this study was to find differences in micellar structure and thermodynamic properties which might explain the different abilities of various biles to keep cholesterol in solution at comparable degrees of oversaturation.

GÖRan Lindblom, Per‐Olof Eriksson, GÖSta Arvidson – 1 September 1984 – The molecular organization in the liquid crystalline phases and the micellar solution phase has been investigated using numerous nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. A brief review of previous studies on the lamellar, hexagonal and cubic liquid crystalline phases is given. Mixed micelles were studied by measurements of 2H T1 and T2 nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times of 2H‐labeled phosphatidylcholine. Using simple and rough models, the size and shape of the micellar aggregate were estimated.

Karol J. Mysels – 1 September 1984

Pasupati Mukerjee, Yoshikiyo Moroi, Moriyasu Murata, Alex Y. S. Yang – 1 September 1984 – Recent research has suggested that self‐association of bile salts does not follow the micellar pattern of self‐association exhibited by typical flexible chain surfactants and detergents. A working model for the self‐association of bile salts is proposed. It includes a mild degree of cooperativity in the early stages of the growth of aggregates and coexistence of a number of aggregates of different aggregation numbers.

R. Thomas Holzbach – 1 September 1984 – Water and electrolyte absorption leading to increased intraluminal concentrations of lipids and other solutes comprise the primary physiologic effect of the gallbladder. The dynamics of entero‐hepatic circulation can lead to confinement of up to 60% of the bile acid pool within the gallbladder during prolonged fasting.

J. Thomas Lamont, Bernard F. Smith, James R. L. Moore – 1 September 1984 – A critical step in the formation of cholesterol gallstones is nucleation (i.e., the formation of cholesterol monohydrate crystals from supersaturated bile). The rate of nucleation of cholesterol depends upon a critical balance between pronucleating and antinucleating factors in bile. Mucin, a high molecular weight glycoprotein secreted by the gallbladder and biliary duct epithelium, is a pronucleating agent in experimental and human gallstone disease.