New Insights Into Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease in Children
Racha T. Khalaf, Ronald J. Sokol – 31 January 2020 – Development of intestinal failure–associated liver disease (IFALD) is a common complication of long‐term parenteral nutrition (PN) in children and adults. The molecular and cellular mechanisms and the phases of IFALD are now being delineated. Components of PN lipid emulsions, including plant sterols, interact with hepatic innate immune activation promoted by products of gut bacterial overgrowth/dysbiosis and altered intestinal barrier function (gut‐liver axis) and by episodes of sepsis to cause cholestasis and IFALD.