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Sarah Shalaby, Alberto Zanetto, Alessandro Vitale, Martina Gambato, Umberto Cillo, Fabio Farinati, Patrizia Burra, Francesco Paolo Russo – 11 October 2017

Exercise and physical activity for patients with end‐stage liver disease: Improving functional status and sarcopenia while on the transplant waiting list

Andrés Duarte‐Rojo, Astrid Ruiz‐Margáin, Aldo J. Montaño‐Loza, Ricardo U. Macías‐Rodríguez, Arny Ferrando, W. Ray Kim – 11 October 2017 – Sarcopenia and physical deconditioning are frequent complications in patients with cirrhosis and end‐stage liver disease (ESLD). They are the end result of impaired dietary intake, chronic inflammation, altered macronutrient and micronutrient metabolism, and low physical activity. Frailty is the end result of prolonged sarcopenia and physical deconditioning.

Combined liver‐kidney perfusion enhances protective effects of normothermic perfusion on liver grafts from donation after cardiac death

Xiaoshun He, Fei Ji, Zhiheng Zhang, Yunhua Tang, Lu Yang, Shanzhou Huang, Wenwen Li, Qiao Su, Wei Xiong, Zebin Zhu, Linhe Wang, Lei Lv, Jiyou Yao, Linan Zhang, Longjuan Zhang, Zhiyong Guo – 10 October 2017 – It has been shown that combined liver‐kidney normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is able to better maintain the circuit's biochemical milieu. Nevertheless, whether the combined perfusion is superior to liver perfusion alone in protecting livers from donation after circulatory death (DCD) is unclear. We aimed to test the hypothesis and explored the mechanisms.

Exosome miR‐335 as a novel therapeutic strategy in hepatocellular carcinoma

Fang Wang, Ling Li, Klaus Piontek, Masazumi Sakaguchi, Florin M. Selaru – 10 October 2017 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and deadly cancer. Most cases of HCC arise in a cirrhotic/fibrotic liver, indicating that environment may play a paramount role in cancer genesis. Previous studies from our group and others have shown that, in desmoplastic cancers, there is a rich intercellular communication between activated, cancer‐associated fibroblasts and cancer cells.

The rise of the opioid epidemic and hepatitis C–positive organs: A new era in liver transplantation

Stevan A. Gonzalez, James F. Trotter – 10 October 2017 – The use of hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐positive organs in liver transplantation (LT) has increased in the era of direct‐acting antiviral therapy. A rising demand for organs, the increased ability to effectively treat HCV infection in the transplant setting, and an unprecedented increase in HCV‐positive donors have all contributed to this trend. A recent abrupt rise in opioid use in the United States has resulted in a surge of injection drug use, transmission of HCV, and opioid‐related overdose deaths.

Visceral adiposity increases risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in male patients with cirrhosis and recurrence after liver transplant

Aldo J. Montano‐Loza, Vera C. Mazurak, Maryam Ebadi, Judith Meza‐Junco, Michael B. Sawyer, Vickie E. Baracos, Norman Kneteman – 10 October 2017 – Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a metabolically active organ, associated with higher risk of malignancies. We evaluated whether VAT is associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients presenting with cirrhosis as well as HCC recurrence after liver transplantation (LT). Patients with cirrhosis (n = 678; 457 male) who were assessed for LT (289 with HCC) were evaluated for body composition analysis.

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