Attitudes of italian liver transplantation centers toward the eligibility of controversial candidates
Lucio Caccamo, Barbara Antonelli, Giorgio Rossi – 23 December 2013
Relationship between disease severity, hyperinsulinemia, and impaired insulin clearance in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Fernando Bril, Romina Lomonaco, Beverly Orsak, Carolina Ortiz‐Lopez, Amy Webb, Fermin Tio, Joan Hecht, Kenneth Cusi – 23 December 2013 – Hyperinsulinemia is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and associated cardiovascular risk. However, the relative contribution of insulin clearance to hyperinsulinemia and its relationship to liver histology have not been carefully evaluated before.
Modeling viral kinetics and treatment outcome during alisporivir interferon‐free treatment in hepatitis C virus genotype 2 and 3 patients
Jeremie Guedj, Jing Yu, Micha Levi, Bin Li, Steven Kern, Nikolai V. Naoumov, Alan S. Perelson – 23 December 2013 – Alisporivir (ALV) is a cyclophilin inhibitor with pan‐genotypic activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV). Here, we characterize the viral kinetics observed in 249 patients infected with HCV genotypes 2 or 3 and treated for 6 weeks with different doses of ALV with or without ribavirin (RBV). We use this model to predict the effects of treatment duration and different doses of ALV plus RBV on sustained virologic response (SVR).
Correction: Hu antigen R and tristetraprolin: Counter‐regulators of rat apical sodium‐dependent bile acid transporter by way of effects on messenger RNA stability
Frank Chen, Ann‐Bin Shyu, Benjamin Shneider – 23 December 2013
Toll‐like receptor 7‐mediated type I interferon signaling prevents cholestasis‐ and hepatotoxin‐induced liver fibrosis
Yoon Seok Roh, Surim Park, Jong Won Kim, Chae Woong Lim, Ekihiro Seki, Bumseok Kim – 21 December 2013 – Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR7) signaling predominantly regulates production of type I interferons (IFNs), which has been suggested in clinical studies to be antifibrotic. However, the mechanistic role of the TLR7‐type I IFN axis in liver fibrosis has not been elucidated. In the present study, liver fibrosis was induced in wild‐type (WT), TLR7‐deficient, and IFN‐α/β receptor‐1 (IFNAR1)‐deficient mice and TLR7‐mediated signaling was assessed in liver cells isolated from these mice.
Serum immunoglobulin G4 and immunoglobulin G1 for distinguishing immunoglobulin G4‐associated cholangitis from primary sclerosing cholangitis
Kirsten Boonstra, Emma L. Culver, Lucas Maillette de Buy Wenniger, Marianne J. Heerde, Karel J. Erpecum, Alexander C. Poen, Karin M.J. Nieuwkerk, B.W. Marcel Spanier, Ben J.M. Witteman, Hans A.R.E. Tuynman, Nan Geloven, Henk Buuren, Roger W. Chapman, Eleanor Barnes, Ulrich Beuers, Cyriel Y.
Cyclosporin A and its analogs inhibit hepatitis B virus entry into cultured hepatocytes through targeting a membrane transporter, sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP)
Koichi Watashi, Ann Sluder, Takuji Daito, Satoko Matsunaga, Akihide Ryo, Shushi Nagamori, Masashi Iwamoto, Syo Nakajima, Senko Tsukuda, Katyna Borroto‐Esoda, Masaya Sugiyama, Yasuhito Tanaka, Yoshikatsu Kanai, Hiroyuki Kusuhara, Masashi Mizokami, Takaji Wakita – 21 December 2013 – Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide. Although nucleos(t)ide analogs inhibiting viral reverse transcriptase are clinically available as anti‐HBV agents, emergence of drug‐resistant viruses highlights the need for new anti‐HBV agents interfering with other targets.
IL‐12/Th1 and IL‐23/Th17 biliary microenvironment in primary biliary cirrhosis: Implications for therapy
Chen‐Yen Yang, Xiong Ma, Koichi Tsuneyama, Shanshan Huang, Toru Takahashi, Naga P. Chalasani, Christopher L. Bowlus, Guo‐Xiang Yang, Patrick S.C. Leung, Aftab A. Ansari, Linda Wu, Ross L. Coppel, M. Eric Gershwin – 21 December 2013 – The interleukin (IL)‐12/IL‐23‐mediated Th1/Th17 signaling pathway has been associated with the etiopathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC).
Kidney biomarkers and differential diagnosis of patients with cirrhosis and acute kidney injury
Justin M. Belcher, Arun J. Sanyal, Aldo J. Peixoto, Mark A. Perazella, Joseph Lim, Heather Thiessen‐Philbrook, Naheed Ansari, Steven G. Coca, Guadalupe Garcia‐Tsao, Chirag R. Parikh, for the TRIBE‐AKI Consortium – 21 December 2013 – Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with cirrhosis and associated with significant mortality. The most common etiologies of AKI in this setting are prerenal azotemia (PRA), acute tubular necrosis (ATN), and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). Accurately distinguishing the etiology of AKI is critical, as treatments differ markedly.
Increased plasma concentration of ribavirin as a result of renal dysfunction in hepatitis C virus patients treated with telaprevir
Massimo Tempestilli, Raffaella Lionetti, Gianpiero D'Offizi, Marzia Montalbano, Andrea Giaffreda, Simone Fazio, Leopoldo P. Pucillo – 21 December 2013