Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is the most rapidly growing indication for liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the U.S.

Robert J. Wong, Ramsey Cheung, Aijaz Ahmed – 25 December 2013 – Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is currently the third leading indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the U.S. and is predicted to become the leading indication for LT in the near future. The trends in NASH‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among LT recipients in the U.S. remain undefined. We performed a retrospective cohort study to evaluate trends in the etiology of HCC among adult LT recipients in the U.S. from 2002 to 2012, using national data from the United Network for Organ Sharing registry.

Modeling viral kinetics and treatment outcome during alisporivir interferon‐free treatment in hepatitis C virus genotype 2 and 3 patients

Jeremie Guedj, Jing Yu, Micha Levi, Bin Li, Steven Kern, Nikolai V. Naoumov, Alan S. Perelson – 23 December 2013 – Alisporivir (ALV) is a cyclophilin inhibitor with pan‐genotypic activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV). Here, we characterize the viral kinetics observed in 249 patients infected with HCV genotypes 2 or 3 and treated for 6 weeks with different doses of ALV with or without ribavirin (RBV). We use this model to predict the effects of treatment duration and different doses of ALV plus RBV on sustained virologic response (SVR).

Relationship between disease severity, hyperinsulinemia, and impaired insulin clearance in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Fernando Bril, Romina Lomonaco, Beverly Orsak, Carolina Ortiz‐Lopez, Amy Webb, Fermin Tio, Joan Hecht, Kenneth Cusi – 23 December 2013 – Hyperinsulinemia is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and associated cardiovascular risk. However, the relative contribution of insulin clearance to hyperinsulinemia and its relationship to liver histology have not been carefully evaluated before.

Kidney biomarkers and differential diagnosis of patients with cirrhosis and acute kidney injury

Justin M. Belcher, Arun J. Sanyal, Aldo J. Peixoto, Mark A. Perazella, Joseph Lim, Heather Thiessen‐Philbrook, Naheed Ansari, Steven G. Coca, Guadalupe Garcia‐Tsao, Chirag R. Parikh, for the TRIBE‐AKI Consortium – 21 December 2013 – Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with cirrhosis and associated with significant mortality. The most common etiologies of AKI in this setting are prerenal azotemia (PRA), acute tubular necrosis (ATN), and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). Accurately distinguishing the etiology of AKI is critical, as treatments differ markedly.

Hepatocyte‐specific high‐mobility group box 1 deletion worsens the injury in liver ischemia/reperfusion: A role for intracellular high‐mobility group box 1 in cellular protection

Hai Huang, Gary W. Nace, Kerry‐Ann McDonald, Sheng Tai, John R. Klune, Brian R. Rosborough, Qing Ding, Patricia Loughran, Xiaorong Zhu, Donna Beer‐Stolz, Eugene B. Chang, Timothy Billiar, Allan Tsung – 21 December 2013 – High‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an abundant chromatin‐associated nuclear protein and released into the extracellular milieu during liver ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R), signaling activation of proinflammatory cascades.

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