Relationship between sarcopenia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study

Ho Cheol Hong, Soon Young Hwang, Hae Yoon Choi, Hye Jin Yoo, Ji A Seo, Sin Gon Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Sei Hyun Baik, Dong Seop Choi, Kyung Mook Choi – 31 August 2013 – Previous studies have shown that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and sarcopenia may share pathophysiological mechanisms, such as insulin resistance, inflammation, vitamin D deficiency, and decreased physical activity. However, their direct relationship has not been investigated.

Transforming growth factor beta signaling in hepatocytes participates in steatohepatitis through regulation of cell death and lipid metabolism in mice

Ling Yang, Yoon Seok Roh, Jingyi Song, Bi Zhang, Cheng Liu, Rohit Loomba, Ekihiro Seki – 30 August 2013 – Transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) signaling activates Smad‐ and TGF‐β‐activated kinase 1 (TAK1)‐dependent signaling to regulate cell survival, proliferation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. The effects of TGF‐β signaling on metabolic syndrome, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, remain elusive. Wild‐type (WT) and hepatocyte‐specific TGF‐β receptor type II‐deficient (Tgfbr2ΔHEP) mice were fed a choline‐deficient amino acid (CDAA)‐defined diet for 22 weeks to induce NASH.

Transforming growth factor beta signaling in hepatocytes participates in steatohepatitis through regulation of cell death and lipid metabolism in mice

Ling Yang, Yoon Seok Roh, Jingyi Song, Bi Zhang, Cheng Liu, Rohit Loomba, Ekihiro Seki – 30 August 2013 – Transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) signaling activates Smad‐ and TGF‐β‐activated kinase 1 (TAK1)‐dependent signaling to regulate cell survival, proliferation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. The effects of TGF‐β signaling on metabolic syndrome, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, remain elusive. Wild‐type (WT) and hepatocyte‐specific TGF‐β receptor type II‐deficient (Tgfbr2ΔHEP) mice were fed a choline‐deficient amino acid (CDAA)‐defined diet for 22 weeks to induce NASH.

Glucose sensing O‐GlcNAcylation pathway regulates the nuclear bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR)

Wahiba Berrabah, Pierrette Aumercier, Céline Gheeraert, Hélène Dehondt, Emmanuel Bouchaert, Jérémy Alexandre, Maheul Ploton, Claire Mazuy, Sandrine Caron, Anne Tailleux, Jérôme Eeckhoute, Tony Lefebvre, Bart Staels, Philippe Lefebvre – 28 August 2013 – Bile acid metabolism is intimately linked to the control of energy homeostasis and glucose and lipid metabolism. The nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) plays a major role in the enterohepatic cycling of bile acids, but the impact of nutrients on bile acid homeostasis is poorly characterized.

Reciprocal regulation of microRNA‐122 and c‐Myc in hepatocellular cancer: Role of E2F1 and transcription factor dimerization partner 2

Bo Wang, Shu‐hao Hsu, Xinmei Wang, Huban Kutay, Hemant Kumar Bid, Jianhua Yu, Ramesh K. Ganju, Samson T. Jacob, Mariia Yuneva, Kalpana Ghoshal – 28 August 2013 – c‐Myc is a well‐known oncogene frequently up‐regulated in different malignancies, whereas liver‐specific microRNA (miR)‐122, a bona fide tumor suppressor, is down‐regulated in hepatocellular cancer (HCC). Here we explored the underlying mechanism of reciprocal regulation of these two genes.

Hepatic carboxylesterase 1 is essential for both normal and farnesoid X receptor‐controlled lipid homeostasis

Jiesi Xu, Yuanyuan Li, Wei‐Dong Chen, Yang Xu, Liya Yin, Xuemei Ge, Kavita Jadhav, Luciano Adorini, Yanqiao Zhang – 28 August 2013 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major health concerns worldwide. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is considered a therapeutic target for treatment of NAFLD. However, the mechanism by which activation of FXR lowers hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels remains unknown. Here we investigated the role of hepatic carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) in regulating both normal and FXR‐controlled lipid homeostasis.

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