Opposing effects of prednisolone treatment on T/NKT cell‐ and hepatotoxin‐mediated hepatitis in mice

Hyo‐Jung Kwon, Young‐Suk Won, Ogyi Park, Dechun Feng, Bin Gao – 1 October 2013 – Prednisolone is a corticosteroid that has been used to treat inflammatory liver diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis and alcoholic hepatitis. However, the results have been controversial, and how prednisolone affects liver disease progression remains unknown.

Expanded classification of hepatitis C virus into 7 genotypes and 67 subtypes: Updated criteria and genotype assignment web resource

Donald B. Smith, Jens Bukh, Carla Kuiken, A. Scott Muerhoff, Charles M. Rice, Jack T. Stapleton, Peter Simmonds – 1 October 2013 – The 2005 consensus proposal for the classification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) presented an agreed and uniform nomenclature for HCV variants and the criteria for their assignment into genotypes and subtypes. Since its publication, the available dataset of HCV sequences has vastly expanded through advancement in nucleotide sequencing technologies and an increasing focus on the role of HCV genetic variation in disease and treatment outcomes.

Hepatitis C virus clearance correlates with HLA‐DR expression on proliferating CD8+ T cells in immune‐primed chimpanzees

Iryna Zubkova, Hongying Duan, Frances Wells, Howard Mostowski, Esther Chang, Kathleen Pirollo, Kris Krawczynski, Robert Lanford, Marian Major – 1 October 2013 – Vaccination of chimpanzees against hepatitis C virus (HCV) using T‐cell‐based vaccines targeting nonstructural proteins has not resulted in the same levels of control and clearance as those seen in animals reexposed after HCV clearance. We hypothesized that the outcome of infection depends on the different subtypes of activated T cells.

Association between sarcopenia and the risk of serious infection among adults undergoing liver transplantation

Robert W. Krell, Daniel R. Kaul, Andrew R. Martin, Michael J. Englesbe, Christopher J. Sonnenday, Shijie Cai, Preeti N. Malani – 23 September 2013 – Although sarcopenia (muscle loss) is associated with increased mortality after liver transplantation, its influence on other complications is less well understood. We examined the association between sarcopenia and the risk of severe posttransplant infections among adult liver transplant recipients. By calculating the total psoas area (TPA) on preoperative computed tomography scans, we assessed sarcopenia among 207 liver transplant recipients.

Identification of liver transplant candidates with hepatocellular carcinoma and a very low dropout risk: Implications for the current organ allocation policy

Neil Mehta, Jennifer L. Dodge, Aparna Goel, John Paul Roberts, Ryutaro Hirose, Francis Y. Yao – 23 September 2013 – It has been shown that patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) meeting the United Network for Organ Sharing T2 (Milan) criteria have an advantage in comparison with patients without HCC under the current organ allocation system for liver transplantation (LT). We hypothesized that within the T2 HCC group, there is a subgroup with a low risk of wait‐list dropout that should not receive the same listing priority.

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