On‐treatment alpha‐fetoprotein is a specific tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving entecavir

Grace L.H. Wong, Henry L.Y. Chan, Yee‐Kit Tse, Hoi‐Yun Chan, Chi‐Hang Tse, Angeline O.S. Lo, Vincent W.S. Wong – 1 October 2013 – Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is the most widely used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance, which is criticized as neither sensitive nor specific in active hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to determine the performance of AFP as a tumor marker for HCC in entecavir‐treated patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

G‐protein‐coupled receptor 30/adenylyl cyclase/protein kinase A pathway is involved in estradiol 17ß‐d‐glucuronide‐induced cholestasis

Andrés E. Zucchetti, Ismael R. Barosso, Andrea C. Boaglio, Cecilia L. Basiglio, Gisel Miszczuk, M. Cecilia Larocca, M. Laura Ruiz, Carlos A. Davio, Marcelo G. Roma, Fernando A. Crocenzi, Enrique J.

Opposing effects of prednisolone treatment on T/NKT cell‐ and hepatotoxin‐mediated hepatitis in mice

Hyo‐Jung Kwon, Young‐Suk Won, Ogyi Park, Dechun Feng, Bin Gao – 1 October 2013 – Prednisolone is a corticosteroid that has been used to treat inflammatory liver diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis and alcoholic hepatitis. However, the results have been controversial, and how prednisolone affects liver disease progression remains unknown.

Expanded classification of hepatitis C virus into 7 genotypes and 67 subtypes: Updated criteria and genotype assignment web resource

Donald B. Smith, Jens Bukh, Carla Kuiken, A. Scott Muerhoff, Charles M. Rice, Jack T. Stapleton, Peter Simmonds – 1 October 2013 – The 2005 consensus proposal for the classification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) presented an agreed and uniform nomenclature for HCV variants and the criteria for their assignment into genotypes and subtypes. Since its publication, the available dataset of HCV sequences has vastly expanded through advancement in nucleotide sequencing technologies and an increasing focus on the role of HCV genetic variation in disease and treatment outcomes.

Hepatitis C virus clearance correlates with HLA‐DR expression on proliferating CD8+ T cells in immune‐primed chimpanzees

Iryna Zubkova, Hongying Duan, Frances Wells, Howard Mostowski, Esther Chang, Kathleen Pirollo, Kris Krawczynski, Robert Lanford, Marian Major – 1 October 2013 – Vaccination of chimpanzees against hepatitis C virus (HCV) using T‐cell‐based vaccines targeting nonstructural proteins has not resulted in the same levels of control and clearance as those seen in animals reexposed after HCV clearance. We hypothesized that the outcome of infection depends on the different subtypes of activated T cells.

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