Staging hepatic fibrosis: Computer‐aided analysis of hepatic contours on gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid‐enhanced hepatocyte‐phase magnetic resonance imaging

Satoshi Goshima, Masayuki Kanematsu, Tatsunori Kobayashi, Takahiro Furukawa, Xuejun Zhang, Hiroshi Fujita, Haruo Watanabe, Hiroshi Kondo, Noriyuki Moriyama, Kyongtae T. Bae – 19 September 2011

A biliary HCO3− umbrella constitutes a protective mechanism against bile acid‐induced injury in human cholangiocytes

Simon Hohenester, Lucas Maillette de Buy Wenniger, Coen C. Paulusma, Sandra J. van Vliet, Douglas M. Jefferson, Ronald P. Oude Elferink, Ulrich Beuers – 19 September 2011 – Human cholangiocytes are continuously exposed to millimolar levels of hydrophobic bile salt monomers. We recently hypothesized that an apical biliary HCO umbrella might prevent the protonation of biliary glycine‐conjugated bile salts and uncontrolled cell entry of the corresponding bile acids, and that defects in this biliary HCO umbrella might predispose to chronic cholangiopathies.

Benefit of initial resection of hepatocellular carcinoma followed by transplantation in case of recurrence: An intention‐to‐treat analysis

David Fuks, Safi Dokmak, Valérie Paradis, Momar Diouf, François Durand, Jacques Belghiti – 19 September 2011 – Liver resection (LR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as the first‐line treatment in transplantable patients followed by “salvage transplantation” (ST) in case of recurrence is an attractive concept. The aim was to identify patients who gain benefit from this approach in an intention‐to‐treat study.

Activation of autophagy protects against acetaminophen‐induced hepatotoxicity

Hong‐Min Ni, Abigail Bockus, Nikki Boggess, Hartmut Jaeschke, Wen‐Xing Ding – 19 September 2011 – Autophagy can selectively remove damaged organelles, including mitochondria, and, in turn, protect against mitochondria‐damage–induced cell death. Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose can cause liver injury in animals and humans by inducing mitochondria damage and subsequent necrosis in hepatocytes. Although many detrimental mechanisms have been reported to be responsible for APAP‐induced hepatotoxicity, it is not known whether APAP can modulate autophagy to regulate hepatotoxicity in hepatocytes.

Epidemiology and outcome of infections in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis c virus–coinfected liver transplant recipients: A FIPSE/GESIDA Prospective Cohort Study

Asunción Moreno, Carlos Cervera, Jesús Fortún, Marino Blanes, Estibalitz Montejo, Manuel Abradelo, Oscar Len, Antonio Rafecas, Pilar Martín‐Davila, Julián Torre‐Cisneros, Magdalena Salcedo, Elisa Cordero, Ricardo Lozano, Iñaki Pérez, Antonio Rimola, José M. Miró, the OLT‐HIV FIPSE Cohort Investigators – 6 September 2011 – Information about infections unrelated to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected liver recipients is scarce.

Predictors of the feasibility of primary endoscopic management of biliary strictures after adult living donor liver transplantation

Yun Young Lee, Geum‐Youn Gwak, Kwang Hyuck Lee, Jong Kyun Lee, Kyu Taek Lee, Choon Hyuck David Kwon, Jae‐Won Joh, Suk‐Koo Lee – 6 September 2011 – Biliary strictures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality for liver transplant recipients. The endoscopic management of biliary strictures is not well established after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in comparison with deceased donor liver transplantation.

Cost‐effectiveness of hepatitis C virus antiviral treatment for injection drug user populations

Natasha K. Martin, Peter Vickerman, Alec Miners, Graham R. Foster, Sharon J. Hutchinson, David J. Goldberg, Matthew Hickman – 2 September 2011 – Injecting drug use is the main risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission in most developed countries. HCV antiviral treatment (peginterferon‐α + ribavirin) has been shown to be cost‐effective for patients with no reinfection risk. We examined the cost‐effectiveness of providing antiviral treatment for injecting drug users (IDUs) as compared with treating ex/non‐IDUs or no treatment.

Regression of established hepatocellular carcinoma is induced by chemoimmunotherapy in an orthotopic murine model

Diego M. Avella, Guangfu Li, Todd D. Schell, Dai Liu, Samuel Shao‐Min Zhang, Xi Lou, Arthur Berg, Eric T. Kimchi, Hephzibah Rani S. Tagaram, Qing Yang, Serene Shereef, Luis S. Garcia, Mark Kester, Harriet C. Isom, C. Bart Rountree, Kevin F. Staveley‐O'Carroll – 2 September 2011 – The high rate of mortality and frequent incidence of recurrence associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) reveal the need for new therapeutic approaches.

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