Marxa L. Figueiredo, Kristin M. Wentworth, Eric P. Sandgren – 23 July 2010 – Gene changes can affect cancer cells in many ways, but changes that increase disease severity—by allowing cells to proliferate when they should be quiescent, by enhancing their rate of growth under growth permissive conditions, or by increasing the risk that they will accumulate additional carcinogenic alterations—must be identified so that strategies to counter their effects can be developed.

Giacomo Germani, Amar Dhillon, Lorenzo Andreana, Vincenza Calvaruso, Penelopi Manousou, Graziella Isgró, Andrew Kenneth Burroughs – 23 July 2010

Emmanuel Weiss, Souhayl Dahmani, Frederic Bert, Sylvie Janny, Daniel Sommacale, Federica Dondero, Claire Francoz, Jacques Belghiti, Jean Mantz, Catherine Paugam‐Burtz – 16 July 2010 – Early‐onset hospital‐acquired pneumonia (E‐HAP) is one of the leading causes of sepsis and mortality after liver transplantation (LT). The appropriate antimicrobial therapy is crucially important for surviving sepsis in this context. The aim of this study was to analyze microbiological findings, associated factors, and optimal antibiotic regimens for E‐HAP after LT.

Willscott E. Naugler, Amnon Sonnenberg – 16 July 2010 – The aim of the present study is to compare the survival rates and cost‐effectiveness of different treatment strategies for small (<2 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Markov chains are developed to model different management strategies for patients with compensated cirrhosis and small HCC. Probabilities of progression and survival and the likelihood of orthotopic liver transplantation are taken from the literature and incorporated into the models. As a starting population, 1000 patients are followed over a period of 10 years.

Claire Francoz, Dominique Prié, Wael AbdelRazek, Richard Moreau, Ameet Mandot, Jacques Belghiti, Dominique Valla, François Durand – 16 July 2010 – Renal function has a significant impact on early mortality in patients with cirrhosis. However, creatinine and creatinine‐based equations are inaccurate markers of renal function in cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to reassess correlations between creatinine‐based equations and measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and to investigate the impact of inaccuracies on the Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score.

Hayato Hikita, Tetsuo Takehara, Satoshi Shimizu, Takahiro Kodama, Minoru Shigekawa, Kyoko Iwase, Atsushi Hosui, Takuya Miyagi, Tomohide Tatsumi, Hisashi Ishida, Wei Li, Tatsuya Kanto, Naoki Hiramatsu, Norio Hayashi – 16 July 2010 – Tumor cells are characterized by uncontrolled proliferation, often driven by activation of oncogenes, and apoptosis resistance.

Gian Luigi Adani, Anna Rossetto, Vittorio Bresadola, Umberto Baccarani – 16 July 2010

Sumeet K. Asrani, Michael D. Leise, Colin P. West, M. Hassan Murad, Rachel A. Pedersen, Patricia J. Erwin, Jianmin Tian, Russell H. Wiesner, W. Ray Kim – 16 July 2010 – Sirolimus is used in patients with renal insufficiency after liver transplantation (LT) and especially in those with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)–associated nephrotoxicity.

Sung Hwan Ki, Oygi Park, Mingquan Zheng, Oriol Morales‐Ibanez, Jay K. Kolls, Ramon Bataller, Bin Gao – 16 July 2010 – Interleukin‐22 (IL‐22), a recently identified member of the IL‐10 family of cytokines that is produced by Th17 and natural killer cells, plays an important role in controlling bacterial infection, homeostasis, and tissue repair. Here, we tested the effect of IL‐22 on alcohol‐induced liver injury in a murine model of chronic‐binge ethanol feeding.

James Neuberger, Sue Madden, David Collett – 16 July 2010 – The assessment of outcomes after transplantation is important for several reasons: it provides patients with data so that they can make informed decisions about the benefits of transplantation and the success of the transplant unit; it informs commissioners that resources are allocated properly; and it provides clinicians reassurance that results are acceptable or, if they are not, provides early warning so that problems can be identified, corrections can be instituted early, and all interested parties can be reassured that scarce