Biliary strictures following liver transplantation: Past, present and preventive strategies

Sharad Sharma, Ahmet Gurakar, Nicolas Jabbour – 28 May 2008 – Biliary complications are still the major source of morbidity for liver transplant recipients. The reported incidence of biliary strictures is 5%‐15% after deceased donor liver transplantation and 28%‐32% after right‐lobe live donor surgery. Presentation is usually within the first year, but the incidence is known to increase with longer follow‐up. The anastomotic variant is due to technical factors, whereas the nonanastomotic form is due to immunological and ischemic events, which later may lead to graft loss.

Age, model for end‐stage liver disease score, and organ functioning predict posttransplant tacrolimus neurotoxicity

Andrea DiMartini, Paulo Fontes, Mary Amanda Dew, Francis E. Lotrich, Michael de Vera – 28 May 2008 – Calcineurin‐inhibiting immunosuppressive medications are the mainstay of posttransplant immunosuppression. Although these highly beneficial drugs are critical for posttransplant survival, significant numbers of transplant recipients experience side effects, some requiring a switch to a different immunosuppressive regimen. Neurotoxicity is one of the most debilitating side effects because of its impact on mental status and cognition.

Endogenous A1 adenosine receptors protect against hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in mice

Jeehee Kim, Mihwa Kim, Joseph H. Song, H. Thomas Lee – 28 May 2008 – Hepatic ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is a major clinical problem during the perioperative period and occurs frequently after major hepatic resection or liver transplantation. Exogenous and endogenous A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) activation protects against renal IR injury. In this study, we questioned whether exogenous and endogenous A1AR activation protects against hepatic IR injury in vivo. A1AR wild‐type (WT) or knockout mice were subjected to 60 minutes of partial hepatic IR.

Effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on the risk of surgical site infection in orthotopic liver transplant

Angel Asensio, Antonio Ramos, Valentin Cuervas‐Mons, Elisa Cordero, Victor Sánchez‐Turrión, Marino Blanes, Carlos Cervera, Joan Gavalda, Jose M. Aguado, Julian Torre‐Cisneros – 28 May 2008 – Surgical site infections are common bacterial infections in orthotopic liver transplantation. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, timing, location, and risk factors, specifically antibiotic prophylaxis, for surgical site infections.

Liver transplantation for subacute hepatocellular failure due to massive steatohepatitis after bariatric surgery

Luiz Augusto Carneiro D'Albuquerque, Adriano Miziara Gonzalez, Raul Carlos Wahle, Evandro de Oliveira Souza, Jorge Marcelo Padilla Mancero, Adávio de Oliveira e Silva – 28 May 2008 – New therapeutic options for obesity include restrictive bowel surgery and surgery that promotes malabsorption, such as the Fobi‐Capella (gastric bypass) and Scopinaro (biliopancreatic diversion) techniques. Complications associated with these procedures, such as hepatocellular failure, have been observed with increasing frequency.

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