Zhenyuan Song, Zhanxiang Zhou, Ion Deaciuc, Theresa Chen, Craig J. McClain – 26 February 2008 – Although recent evidence suggests that down‐regulation of production of the adipocyte hormone adiponectin has pathophysiological consequences for the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), the underlying mechanisms are elusive. Abnormal hepatic methionine‐homocysteine metabolism induced by prolonged alcohol exposure has been reported both in clinical and experimental studies of ALD.

Shinji Shimoda, Kenichi Harada, Hiroaki Niiro, Tomoharu Yoshizumi, Yuji Soejima, Akinobu Taketomi, Yoshihiko Maehara, Koichi Tsuneyama, Minoru Nakamura, Atsumasa Komori, Kiyoshi Migita, Yasuni Nakanuma, Hiromi Ishibashi, Carlo Selmi, M. Eric Gershwin – 26 February 2008 – Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is characterized by the highly selective autoimmune injury of small intrahepatic bile ducts, despite widespread distribution of mitochondrial autoantigens.

Liya Pi, Xiaodong Ding, Marda Jorgensen, Jen‐Jung Pan, Seh‐Hoon Oh, Dana Pintilie, Alicia Brown, Wen‐Yuan Song, Bryon E. Petersen – 26 February 2008 – Oval cell activation, as part of the regenerative process after liver injury, involves considerable cell‐matrix interaction. The matricellular protein, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), has been shown to be critical for oval cell activation during liver regeneration following N‐2‐acetylaminofluorene/partial hepatectomy.

Robert J. Fontana, Zachary D. Goodman, Jules L. Dienstag, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Deepa Naishadham, Richard K. Sterling, Grace L. Su, Mita Ghosh, Elizabeth C. Wright, HALT‐C Trial Group – 26 February 2008 – This study determined the utility of a panel of serum fibrosis markers along with routine laboratory tests in estimating the likelihood of histological cirrhosis in a cohort of prior nonresponders with chronic hepatitis C. The relationship between serum markers and quantitative hepatic collagen content was also determined.

Richard B. Freeman – 26 February 2008

Anuradha Budhu, Hu‐Liang Jia, Marshonna Forgues, Chang‐Gong Liu, David Goldstein, Amy Lam, Krista A. Zanetti, Qing‐Hai Ye, Lun‐Xiu Qin, Carlo M. Croce, Zhao‐You Tang, Xin Wei Wang – 26 February 2008 – MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been used as cancer‐related biomarkers. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive cancer with a dismal outcome largely due to metastasis and postsurgical recurrence. We investigated whether the expression of certain miRNAs are associated with HCC metastasis.

Tetsuji Fujita – 26 February 2008

Shirit Einav, Ella H. Sklan, Hyang Mi Moon, Elizabeth Gehrig, Ping Liu, Ying Hao, Anson W. Lowe, Jeffrey S. Glenn – 26 February 2008 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important cause of chronic liver disease and is complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mechanisms whereby the virus promotes cellular transformation are poorly understood. We hypothesized that the guanosine triphosphatase activity encoded in the HCV NS4B protein's nucleotide binding motif (NBM) might play a role in the transformation process.

Geoffrey C. Nguyen, Paul J. Thuluvath – 26 February 2008 – Chronic liver diseases are a major public health issue in the United States, and there are substantial racial disparities in liver cirrhosis–related mortality. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most significant contributing factor in the development of chronic liver disease, complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma, and the need for liver transplantation. In the United States, African Americans have twice the prevalence of HCV seropositivity and develop hepatocellular carcinoma at more than twice the rate as whites.

Chiun Hsu, Chao A. Hsiung, Ih‐Jen Su, Wei‐Shou Hwang, Ming‐Chung Wang, Sheng‐Fung Lin, Tseng‐Hsi Lin, Hui‐Hua Hsiao, Ji‐Hsiung Young, Ming‐Chih Chang, Yu‐Min Liao, Chi‐Cheng Li, Hung‐Bo Wu, Hwei‐Fang Tien, Tsu‐Yi Chao, Tsang‐Wu Liu, Ann‐Lii Cheng, Pei‐Jer Chen – 26 February 2008 – Lamivudine is effective to control hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in HBV‐carrying cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy, but the optimal treatment protocol remains undetermined.