Raoul Poupon, Olivier Chazouilleres, Christophe Corpechot, Yves Chrétien – 23 June 2006 – Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)–autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) overlap syndrome is a clinical entity characterized by the occurence of both conditions at the same time in the same patient. In addition to PBC‐AIH overlap syndrome, transitions from one autoimmune disease to another have been reported, but no systematic series have been published. We report a series of 12 patients with consecutive occurrence of PBC and AIH (i.e., PBC followed by AIH).

Preeti A. Reshamwala, David E. Kleiner, Theo Heller – 23 June 2006

Javier Vaquero, Mireille Belanger, Andres T. Blei, Roger F. Butterworth – 23 June 2006

Yongke Lu, Arthur I. Cederbaum – 23 June 2006 – The mechanisms by which alcohol causes liver injury are still not certain. Either LPS or CYP2E1 are considered independent risk factors involved in alcoholic liver disease, but mutual relationships or interactions between them are unknown. In the present study, the possible synergistic action of CYP2E1 and LPS in liver injury was investigated by evaluating the effects of pyrazole (inducer of CYP2E1), Chlormethiazole (CMZ), an inhibitor of CYP2E1, and CYP2E1‐knockout mice.

Martin Loss, Wa S. Ng, Rooshdiya Z. Karim, Simone I. Strasser, David J. Koorey, Peter J. Gallagher, Deborah J. Verran, Geoffrey W. McCaughan – 23 June 2006 – Hepatic rupture is a rare condition, and treatment options are very limited. We report a case of hepatic rupture secondary to hereditary lysozyme amyloidosis that was successfully treated by liver transplantation. The mother of this patient had presented in an identical fashion 15 years earlier in the pretransplant era and died very rapidly. Liver Transpl 12:1152–1155, 2006. © 2006 AASLD.

Feng Liu, Xiaoben Pan, Guodong Chen, Dong Jiang, Xu Cong, Ran Fei, Lai Wei – 23 June 2006 – On the basis of the recently recognized potential of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to give rise to hepatocytes, we investigated whether HSCs mobilized by granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) or G‐CSF per se could contribute to faster recovery and promote tissue reparation after rats' (cross‐sex) partial orthotopic liver transplantation (PLTx). Sex‐mismatched (female to male) syngeneic rat PLTx was established.

Luis Servin‐Abad, Andreas Tzakis, Eugene R. Schiff, Arie Regev – 23 June 2006 – Acquired (non‐Wilsonian) hepatocerebral degeneration (AHD) is a chronic brain disorder caused by liver dysfunction and long‐standing portal‐systemic shunting. It typically presents with dysathria, ataxia, tremor, involuntary movements and altered mental status, and often does not respond to conventional medical therapy for hepatic encephalopathy. There is scarce and conflicting information regarding the clinical course of AHD after liver transplantation (OLT).

Maria Varela, William Sanchez, Jordi Bruix, Gregory J. Gores – 23 June 2006

Gisa Tiegs – 23 June 2006 – Fulminant liver failure (FLF) consists of a cascade of events beginning with a presumed uncontrolled systemic activation of the immune system. The etiology of FLF remains undefined. In this study, we demonstrate that CCR5 deficiency promotes the development of acute FLF in mice following Con A administration by preventing activated hepatic CD1d‐restricted NKT cells (but not conventional T cells) from dying from activation‐induced apoptosis.

Fouad Lafdil, Marie Noële Chobert, Dominique Couchie, Arthur Brouillet, Elie Serge Zafrani, Philippe Mavier, Yannick Laperche – 23 June 2006 – The protein product of the growth arrest–specific gene 6 (Gas6) is a secreted ligand for tyrosine kinase receptors, among which Axl is the most widely distributed and displays the highest affinity for Gas6. The Gas6/Axl signaling pathway has been increasingly implicated in growth and survival processes occurring during development and tissue repair.