Ayman A. Abdo, Vincent G. Bain, Krikor Kichian, Samuel S. Lee – 7 March 2007 – Recently, the autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)/primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) overlap syndrome has been reported increasingly. In this syndrome, patients present with features of both AIH and PSC. It has been suggested that the 2 diseases may be sequential in their occurrence, whereby patients have features of AIH and then after a number of years develop features of PSC, but clear confirmation of evolution has not been documented in adults.

Hideki Aizaki, Takashi Harada, Motoyuki Otsuka, Naohiko Seki, Mami Matsuda, Yue Wei Li, Hayato Kawakami, Yoshiharu Matsuura, Tatsuo Miyamura, Tetsuro Suzuki – 7 March 2007 – Although hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a causative agent of liver diseases, its mechanism of pathogenesis is still unclear, mainly because of the lack of adequate cell culture systems to support HCV infection and replication. In this report, we describe development and characterization of human hepatoma cell lines constitutively expressing entire (Hep394) or parts (Hep352, Hep3294) of the HCV open reading frame (ORF).

Hashem B. El‐Serag, Howard Hampel, Christine Yeh, Linda Rabeneck – 7 March 2007 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been associated with several extrahepatic conditions. To date, most studies assessing these associations involved small numbers of patients and lacked a control group.

Christèle Desbois‐Mouthon, Marie‐José Blivet‐Van Eggelpoë, Eléonore Beurel, Mathieu Boissan, Roland Delélo, Axelle Cadoret, Jacqueline Capeau – 7 March 2007 – It has been reported that upstream components of the insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) signaling axis could be overexpressed during hepatocarcinogenesis in humans and rodents. However, the signal transduction pathways activated downstream have been poorly studied.

Christophe Bureau, Philippe Otal, Valérie Chabbert, Jean‐Marie Péron, Hervé Rousseau, Jean‐Pierre Vinel – 7 March 2007

7 March 2007

Dominique‐Charles Valla – 7 March 2007

Masayoshi Konishi, Catherine H. Wu, George Y. Wu – 7 March 2007 – Potent inhibition of endogenous gene expression by RNA interference has been achieved by using sequence‐specific posttranscriptional gene silencing through the action of small interfering RNA molecules (siRNA). In these reports, the natural function of genes could be deduced through the ensuing loss of function. Based on the extraordinary effectiveness in silencing endogenous genes, we wondered whether siRNA could be applied against viral replication in a hepatitis B virus (HBV) model using HBV‐specific siRNA.

Ewa Ellis, Magnus Axelson, Anna Abrahamsson, Gösta Eggertsen, Anders Thörne,, Grzegorz Nowak, Bo‐Göran Ericzon, Ingemar Björkhem,, Curt Einarsson – 7 March 2007 – Primary human hepatocytes were used to elucidate the effect of individual bile acids on bile acid formation in human liver. Hepatocytes were treated with free as well as glycine‐conjugated bile acids. Bile acid formation and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of key enzymes and the nuclear receptor short heterodimer partner (SHP) were measured after 24 hours.

Marco Bertolotti, Lisa Zambianchi, Lucia Carulli, Maria Sole Simonini, Marina Del Puppo, Marzia Galli Kienle, Paola Loria, Adriano Pinetti, Nicola Carulli – 7 March 2007 – The effects of newly synthesized cholesterol availability on bile acid synthesis are largely unknown, particularly in humans. The present study was aimed to study the changes induced on bile acid synthesis by simvastatin, a competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethyl glutaryl‐CoA (HMG‐CoA) reductase, the rate‐limiting enzyme of cholesterol synthesis, during pharmacologic interruption of the enterohepatic circulation.