Mei‐Shu Lai, Meng‐Shu Hsieh, Yueh‐Hsia Chiu, Tony Hsiu‐Hsi Chen – 25 May 2006 – This study aimed to elucidate the relationship of type 2 diabetes, other known risk factors, and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in countries with a high prevalence of hepatitis infection. We followed a prospective cohort of 54,979 subjects who participated in the Keelung Community‐Based Integrated Screening program between 1999 and 2002.

25 May 2006

25 May 2006

Zhang‐Xu Liu, Derick Han, Basuki Gunawan, Neil Kaplowitz – 25 May 2006 – We previously reported that liver natural killer (NK) and NKT cells play a critical role in mouse model of acetaminophen (APAP)‐induced liver injury by producing interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) and modulating chemokine production and subsequent recruitment of neutrophils into the liver. In this report, we examined the role of neutrophils in the progression of APAP hepatotoxicity.

Niels G. Venneman, Marc G.H. Besselink, Yolande C.A. Keulemans, Gerard P. vanBerge‐Henegouwen, Marja A. Boermeester, Ivo A.M.J. Broeders, Peter M.N.Y.H. Go, Karel J. van Erpecum – 25 May 2006 – Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and impaired gallbladder motility purportedly reduce biliary pain and acute cholecystitis in patients with gallstones. However, the effect of UDCA in this setting has not been studied prospectively. This issue is important, as in several countries (including the Netherlands) scheduling problems result in long waiting periods for elective cholecystectomy.

Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Jayasree Basivireddy, Anup Ramachandran, Simmy Thomas, Prabhu Ramamoorthy, Anna B. Pulimood, Molly Jacob, Kunissery A. Balasubramanian – 25 May 2006 – Cirrhosis with ascites is associated with impaired renal function accompanied by sodium and water retention. Although it has been suggested that mediators such as nitric oxide play a role in the development of renal failure in this situation, other mechanisms underlying the process are not well understood.

Dieter Häussinger – 25 May 2006

Don C. Rockey, D. Montgomery Bissell – 25 May 2006

Marianne Bonvin, François Achermann, Isabell Greeve, Deborah Stroka, Adrian Keogh, Daniel Inderbitzin, Daniel Candinas, Peter Sommer, Simon Wain‐Hobson, Jean‐Pierre Vartanian, Jobst Greeve – 25 May 2006 – Hypermutations in hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA by APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases have been detected in vitro and in vivo, and APOBEC3G (A3G) and APOBEC3F (A3F) have been shown to inhibit the replication of HBV in vitro, but the presumably low or even absent hepatic expression of these enzymes has raised the question as to their physiological impact on HBV replication.

David N. Frick – 25 May 2006 – Helicases are a ubiquitous class of enzymes involved in nearly all aspects of DNA and RNA metabolism. Despite recent progress in understanding their mechanism of action, limited resolution has left inaccessible the detailed mechanisms by which these enzymes couple the rearrangement of nucleic acid structures to the binding and hydrolysis of ATP. Observing individual mechanistic cycles of these motor proteins is central to understanding their cellular functions.