Glutathione depletion renders rat hepatocytes sensitive to nitric oxide donor–mediated toxicity

Tracy Chen, Linda L. Pearce, Jim Peterson, Detcho Stoyanovsky, Timothy R. Billiar – 22 August 2005 – Nitric oxide (NO) can be either cytoprotective or cytotoxic in hepatocytes, depending on conditions within the cell. We hypothesized that redox status is a determinant of NO effects on cell viability.

Isatoribine, an agonist of TLR7, reduces plasma virus concentration in chronic hepatitis C infection

Yves Horsmans, Thomas Berg, Jean‐Pierre Desager, Tobias Mueller, Eckart Schott, Simon P. Fletcher, Kevin R. Steffy, Lisa A. Bauman, Bradley M. Kerr, Devron R. Averett – 22 August 2005 – Immune‐based therapy is the mainstay treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection but causes multiple side effects and achieves durable viral clearance in only approximately 50% of patients. Most new investigational anti‐HCV compounds are direct‐acting antivirals for which durability of response and risk of viral mutations and resistance are not yet known.

A randomized unblinded pilot study comparing albumin versus hydroxyethyl starch in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Javier Fernández, Joan Monteagudo, Xavier Bargallo, Wladimiro Jiménez, Jaume Bosch, Vicente Arroyo, Miguel Navasa – 17 August 2005 – The administration of albumin improves circulatory function, prevents hepatorenal syndrome, and reduces hospital mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. This randomized unblinded pilot study compared the effect of albumin (10 patients) and the synthetic plasma expander hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 (10 patients) on the systemic hemodynamics of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

Role of adiponectin in the protective action of dietary saturated fat against alcoholic fatty liver in mice

Min You, Robert V. Considine, Teresa C. Leone, Daniel P. Kelly, David W. Crabb – 17 August 2005 – The protective effect of dietary saturated fatty acids against the development of alcoholic liver disease has long been known, but the underlying mechanism is not completely understood. We examined the involvement of the adipocyte hormone adiponectin. Circulating adiponectin levels were significantly elevated by chronic ethanol administration to mice consuming a diet high in saturated fat.

Significance and therapeutic potential of prostaglandin E2 receptor in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice

Yukiyasu Kuzumoto, Masayuki Sho, Naoya Ikeda, Kaoru Hamada, Takashi Mizuno, Satoru Akashi, Yoshikazu Tsurui, Hisanori Kashizuka, Takeo Nomi, Atsushi Kubo, Hiromichi Kanehiro, Yoshiyuki Nakajima – 17 August 2005 – Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) mediates a variety of innate and adaptive immunity through four distinct receptors: EP1‐EP4. It has been suggested that each EP plays a unique and pivotal role in various disease conditions. We investigated the pathophysiological role of EP receptors in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.

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