National Trends in Location of Death in Patients With End‐Stage Liver Disease

Alyson Kaplan, Brett Fortune, Nneka Ufere, Robert S. Brown, Russell Rosenblatt – 22 November 2020 – Despite improvement in the care of patients with end‐stage liver disease (ESLD), mortality is rising. In the United States, patients are increasingly choosing to die at hospice and home, but data in patients with ESLD are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the trends in location of death in patients with ESLD.

Regulatory T Cell Therapy Following Liver Transplantation

Jiongjie Yu, Zhikun Liu, Changbiao Li, Qiang Wei, Shusen Zheng, Kourosh Saeb‐Parsy, Xiao Xu – 22 November 2020 – Liver transplantation (LT) is considered the gold standard of curative treatment for patients with end‐stage liver disease or nonresectable hepatic malignant tumors. Rejection after LT is the main nontechnical factor affecting the prognosis of recipients. Medical and surgical advances, combined with improved immunosuppression with drugs such as calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), have contributed to an increase in 1‐year graft survival to around 80%.

Organoids and Spheroids as Models for Studying Cholestatic Liver Injury and Cholangiocarcinoma

Keisaku Sato, Wenjun Zhang, Samira Safarikia, Abdulkadir Isidan, Angela M. Chen, Ping Li, Heather Francis, Lindsey Kennedy, Leonardo Baiocchi, Domenico Alvaro, Shannon Glaser, Burcin Ekser, Gianfranco Alpini – 22 November 2020 – Cholangiopathies, such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, biliary atresia, and cholangiocarcinoma, have limited experimental models.

Bleeding Outcomes Following Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients With Cirrhosis and Esophageal Varices

Jordan S. Sack, Michael Li, Stephen D. Zucker – 21 November 2020 – Despite scant evidence, current guidelines indicate that esophageal varices are a relative contraindication to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The aim of this study is to compare the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding following TEE among cirrhotic patients with and without endoscopically‐documented esophageal varices. This is a retrospective analysis of patients with cirrhosis who underwent upper endoscopy within 4 years of TEE at five institutions between January 2000 and March 2020.

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