Patients With Acute on Chronic Liver Failure Grade 3 Have Greater 14‐Day Waitlist Mortality Than Status‐1a Patients

Vinay Sundaram, Parth Shah, Robert J. Wong, Constantine J. Karvellas, Brett E. Fortune, Nadim Mahmud, Alexander Kuo, Rajiv Jalan – 25 March 2019 – Patients listed for liver transplantation (LT) as status 1a currently receive the highest priority on the waiting list. The presence of acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) with three or more organs failing (ACLF‐3) portends low survival without transplantation, which may not be reflected by the Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease‐Sodium (MELD‐Na) score.

Sirtuin‐1/Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein S5 Axis Enhances the Metabolic Flexibility of Liver Cancer Stem Cells

Zhihao Wei, Jiankun Jia, Gang Heng, Huailong Xu, Juanjuan Shan, Guiqin Wang, Chungang Liu, Jianyu Xia, Haijun Zhou, Min Wu, Zhi Yang, Meiling Wang, Zhouxing Xiong, Hong Huang, Limei Liu, Cheng Qian – 22 March 2019 – Metabolic reprogramming endows cancer cells with the ability to adjust metabolic pathways to support heterogeneously biological processes. However, it is not known how the reprogrammed activities are implemented during differentiation of cancer stem cells (CSCs).

Acute Severe Autoimmune Hepatitis: Corticosteroids or Liver Transplantation?

Mussarat N. Rahim, Rodrigo Liberal, Rosa Miquel, Nigel D. Heaton, Michael A. Heneghan – 22 March 2019 – Acute severe presentations of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) represent a challenge for the transplant community. As a disease, it is poorly characterized, and there is a weak evidence base to guide diagnosis and treatment. Early identification of acute severe AIH is key because it determines the initiation of corticosteroids, which can be lifesaving. However, their use in this setting remains controversial.

Biomarkers of Macrophage Activation and Immune Danger Signals Predict Clinical Outcomes in Alcoholic Hepatitis

Banishree Saha, David Tornai, Karen Kodys, Adeyinka Adejumo, Patrick Lowe, Craig McClain, Mack Mitchell, Arthur McCullough, Srinivasan Dasarathy, Aimee Kroll‐Desrosiers, Bruce Barton, Svetlana Radaeva, Gyongyi Szabo – 19 March 2019 – Although mortality due to acute alcoholic hepatitis (AH) correlates with Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores, biomarkers are critically needed to manage this disease. Increases in inflammatory markers and macrophage activation are associated with acute AH and could be potential biomarkers of clinical events and/or mortality.

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