Blocking Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells‐1‐Positive Tumor‐Associated Macrophages Induced by Hypoxia Reverses Immunosuppression and Anti‐Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Resistance in Liver Cancer
Qinchuan Wu, Wuhua Zhou, Shengyong Yin, Yuan Zhou, Tianchi Chen, Junjie Qian, Rong Su, Liangjie Hong, Haohao Lu, Feng Zhang, Haiyang Xie, Lin Zhou, Shusen Zheng – 27 February 2019 – Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are recognized as antitumor suppressors, but how TAMs behave in the hypoxic environment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that hypoxia inducible factor 1α induced increased expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1 (TREM‐1) in TAMs, resulting in immunosuppression.