Ductular Reaction Cells Display an Inflammatory Profile and Recruit Neutrophils in Alcoholic Hepatitis

Beatriz Aguilar‐Bravo, Daniel Rodrigo‐Torres, Silvia Ariño, Mar Coll, Elisa Pose, Delia Blaya, Isabel Graupera, Luis Perea, Júlia Vallverdú, Teresa Rubio‐Tomás, Laurent Dubuquoy, Carolina Armengol, Antonio Lo Nigro, Peter Stärkel, Philippe Mathurin, Ramon Bataller, Joan Caballería, Juan José Lozano, Pere Ginès, Pau Sancho‐Bru – 18 December 2018 – Chronic liver diseases are characterized by the expansion of ductular reaction (DR) cells and the expression of liver progenitor cell (LPC) markers.

The Burden of Chronic Hepatitis C in China From 2004 to 2050: An Individual‐Based Modeling Study

Jie Wu, Yuqing Zhou, Xiaofang Fu, Min Deng, Yang Zheng, Guo Tian, Yiping Li, Chencheng Wang, Cheng Ding, Bing Ruan, Shigui Yang, Lanjuan Li – 18 December 2018 – The launch of new direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) is expected to substantially reduce the burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in China. However, the effect of these changes has not yet been modeled in China. Therefore, we aim to predict the burden of HCV‐related diseases in China by simulating different scenarios that incorporate recent therapeutic advances of HCV and China’s current screening strategy.

Predicting Low Risk for Sustained Alcohol Use After Early Liver Transplant for Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis: The Sustained Alcohol Use Post–Liver Transplant Score

Brian P. Lee, Eric Vittinghoff, Christine Hsu, Hyosun Han, George Therapondos, Oren K. Fix, David W. Victor, Deepti Dronamraju, Gene Y. Im, Michael D. Voigt, John P. Rice, Michael R. Lucey, Sheila Eswaran, Po‐Hung Chen, Zhiping Li, Haripriya Maddur, Norah A. Terrault – 18 December 2018 – Early liver transplant (LT) for alcohol‐associated disease (i.e., without a specific sobriety period) is controversial but increasingly used.

Intestine‐Specific Overexpression of Carboxylesterase 2c Protects Mice From Diet‐Induced Liver Steatosis and Obesity

Lisa Katharina Maresch, Pia Benedikt, Ursula Feiler, Sandra Eder, Kathrin A. Zierler, Ulrike Taschler, Stephanie Kolleritsch, Thomas O. Eichmann, Gabriele Schoiswohl, Christina Leopold, Beatrix I. Wieser, Caroline Lackner, Thomas Rülicke, Jan van Klinken, Dagmar Kratky, Tarek Moustafa, Gerald Hoefler, Guenter Haemmerle – 17 December 2018 – Murine hepatic carboxylesterase 2c (Ces2c) and the presumed human ortholog carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) have been implicated in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice and obese humans.

Modulation of Insulin Resistance in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Reenam S. Khan, Fernando Bril, Kenneth Cusi, Philip N. Newsome – 16 December 2018 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has an estimated prevalence of 25% in the general population, and cirrhosis secondary to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is predicted to become the leading cause of liver transplantation, yet there is a lack of effective licensed treatments for these conditions. There is a close relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and NAFLD, with prevalence of NAFLD being 5‐fold higher in patients with diabetes compared to those without.

Modulation of Insulin Resistance in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Reenam S. Khan, Fernando Bril, Kenneth Cusi, Philip N. Newsome – 16 December 2018 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has an estimated prevalence of 25% in the general population, and cirrhosis secondary to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is predicted to become the leading cause of liver transplantation, yet there is a lack of effective licensed treatments for these conditions. There is a close relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and NAFLD, with prevalence of NAFLD being 5‐fold higher in patients with diabetes compared to those without.

Sirtuin 4 Depletion Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumorigenesis Through Regulating Adenosine‐Monophosphate–Activated Protein Kinase Alpha/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Axis in Mice

Yun‐Shan Wang, Lutao Du, Xingsi Liang, Peng Meng, Lei Bi, Yu‐li Wang, Chuanxin Wang, Bo Tang – 15 December 2018 – Sirtuin 4 (SIRT4) has been reported to play a vital role in the maintenance of glutamine catabolism and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) homeostasis, but its character in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) remains obscure. In this study, we observed low expression of SIRT4 in both HCC cell lines and HCCs from patients. Decreased disease‐free survival time is associated with low tumor levels of SIRT4 in patients.

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