Akira Hiramatsu, Hiroshi Aikata, Shinsuke Uchikawa, Kazuki Ohya, Kenichiro Kodama, Yuno Nishida, Kana Daijo, Mitsutaka Osawa, Yuji Teraoka, Fumi Honda, Yuki Inagaki, Kei Morio, Reona Morio, Hatsue Fujino, Takashi Nakahara, Eisuke Murakami, Masami Yamauchi, Tomokazu Kawaoka, Daiki Miki, Masataka Tsuge, Michio Imamura, Junko Tanaka, Kazuaki Chayama – 22 January 2019 – Although the effect of levocarnitine (L‐carnitine) on hyperammonemia has been reported in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), its effect on sarcopenia remains to be elucidated.

Christian Jansen, Anna Schröder, Robert Schueler, Jennifer Lehmann, Michael Praktiknjo, Frank E. Uschner, Robert Schierwagen, Daniel Thomas, Sofia Monteiro, Georg Nickenig, Christian P. Strassburg, Carsten Meyer, Vicente Arroyo, Christoph Hammerstingl, Jonel Trebicka – 22 January 2019 – Acute deterioration of liver cirrhosis (e.g., infections, acute‐on‐chronic liver failure [ACLF]) requires an increase in cardiac contractility. The insufficiency to respond to these situations could be deleterious.

Zhipeng Yan, Daitze Wu, Hui Hu, Jing Zeng, Xin Yu, Zhiheng Xu, Zheng Zhou, Xue Zhou, Guang Yang, John A.T. Young, Lu Gao – 21 January 2019 – Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is an important immunomodulator for promoting host immune tolerance during chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. In patients with CHB, HBeAg loss and seroconversion represent partial immune control of CHB infection and are regarded as valuable endpoints. However, the current approved treatments have only a limited efficacy in achieving HBeAg seroconversion in HBeAg‐positive patients.

John‐Paul Berauer, Anya I. Mezina, David T. Okou, Aniko Sabo, Donna M. Muzny, Richard A. Gibbs, Madhuri R. Hegde, Pankaj Chopra, David J. Cutler, David H. Perlmutter, Laura N. Bull, Richard J. Thompson, Kathleen M. Loomes, Nancy B. Spinner, Ramakrishnan Rajagopalan, Stephen L. Guthery, Barry Moore, Mark Yandell, Sanjiv Harpavat, John C. Magee, Binita M. Kamath, Jean P. Molleston, Jorge A. Bezerra, Karen F. Murray, Estella M. Alonso, Philip Rosenthal, Robert H. Squires, Kasper S. Wang, Milton J. Finegold, Pierre Russo, Averell H. Sherker, Ronald J. Sokol, Saul J.

Jessica M. Ferrell, Preeti Pathak, Shannon Boehme, Tricia Gilliland, John Y. L. Chiang – 21 January 2019 – Activation of the nuclear bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) protects against hepatic inflammation and injury, while Takeda G protein–coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) promotes adipose tissue browning and energy metabolism. Here, we examined the physiological and metabolic effects of the deficiency of these two bile acid receptors on hepatic metabolism and injury in mice. Fxr/Tgr5 double knockout mice (DKO) were generated for metabolic phenotyping.

Saggere Muralikrishna Shasthry, Manoj Kumar Sharma, Varsha Shasthry, Apurva Pande, Shiv Kumar Sarin – 21 January 2019 – Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) is often a progressive disease with high mortality and limited steroid responsiveness. Management options of steroid nonresponsive SAH (day 7 Lille score > 0.45) are limited. We assessed the efficacy and safety of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) in steroid nonresponders.

Kamrul M. Hasan, Theodore C. Friedman, Xuesi Shao, Meher Parveen, Carl Sims, Desean L. Lee, Jorge Espinoza‐Derout, Indrani Sinha‐Hikim, Amiya P. Sinha‐Hikim – 21 January 2019 – The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), also known as e‐cigarettes, with a variety of e‐liquids/e‐juices, is increasing at an alarming rate among adolescents who do not realize the potential harmful health effects. This study examines the harmful effects of ENDS on the liver.

Grégory Merlen, Valérie‐Ann Raymond, Shamir Cassim, Pascal Lapierre, Marc Bilodeau – 21 January 2019 – Liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is an important cause of liver damage especially early after liver transplantation, following liver resection, and in other clinical situations. Using rat experimental models, we identified oxaloacetate (OAA) as a key metabolite able to protect hepatocytes from hypoxia and IRI. In vitro screening of metabolic intermediates beneficial for hepatocyte survival under hypoxia was performed by measures of cell death and injury.

Li‐Ling Wu, Wei‐Hao Peng, Hui‐Lin Wu, Shi‐Chuen Miaw, Shiou‐Hwei Yeh, Hung‐Chih Yang, Pei‐Hsuan Liao, Jing‐Shan Lin, Yan‐Rong Chen, Yen‐Tien Hong, Hurng‐Yi Wang, Pei‐Jer Chen, Ding‐Shinn Chen – 19 January 2019 – To understand the mechanism(s) of age‐dependent outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in humans, we previously established an age‐related HBV mouse model in which 6‐week‐old (N6W) C3H/HeN mice exhibited virus tolerance whereas 12‐week‐old (N12W) counterparts presented virus clearance.

Kathy M. Nilles, Josh Levitsky – 19 January 2019