A Multidisciplinary Approach to Pretransplant and Posttransplant Management of Cystic Fibrosis–Associated Liver Disease

A. Jay Freeman, Zachary M. Sellers, George Mazariegos, Andrea Kelly, Lisa Saiman, George Mallory, Simon C. Ling, Michael R. Narkewicz, Daniel H. Leung – 29 January 2019 – Approximately 5%‐10% of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) will develop advanced liver disease with portal hypertension, representing the third leading cause of death among patients with CF. Cystic fibrosis with advanced liver disease and portal hypertension (CFLD) represents the most significant risk to patient mortality, second only to pulmonary or lung transplant complications in patients with CF.

Liver Transplantation in France

François Durand, Corinne Antoine, Olivier Soubrane – 29 January 2019 – In France, the main indications for liver transplantation are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and alcoholic cirrhosis. The number of candidates for decompensated hepatitis C virus–related cirrhosis has markedly decreased since the advent of direct‐acting antiviral agents. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis represents a lower proportion of candidates as compared with the United States.

Neurological Complications Occurring After Liver Transplantation: Role of Risk Factors, Hepatic Encephalopathy, and Acute (on Chronic) Brain Injury

Nicolas Weiss, Dominique Thabut – 29 January 2019 – Orthotopic liver transplantation (LT) remains the only way to definitively cure patients with the most severe liver diseases. Because the survival rate is now fairly high, important questions about neurological sequelae or quality of life after LT have emerged. Indeed, LT represents a peculiar situation because up to 30% of patients present with neurological symptoms after LT compared with only 4% after cardiac transplant and 0.5% after renal transplant.

An Efficient Combination Immunotherapy for Primary Liver Cancer by Harmonized Activation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Mice

Liang Wen, Bing Xin, Panyisha Wu, Chia‐Hao Lin, Chuanhui Peng, Gaowei Wang, Jin Lee, Li‐Fan Lu, Gen‐Sheng Feng – 28 January 2019 – Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors for liver cancer, while active in many clinical trials worldwide, may have uncertain outcomes due to the unique immunotolerant microenvironment of the liver. In previous experiments, we unexpectedly identified a robust liver tumor‐preventive effect of a synthetic double‐stranded RNA, polyinosinic‐polycytidylic acid (polyIC), in mice.

JNJ‐4178 (AL‐335, Odalasvir, and Simeprevir) for 6 or 8 Weeks in Hepatitis C Virus‐Infected Patients Without Cirrhosis: OMEGA‐1

Stefan Zeuzem, Stefan Bourgeois, Susan Greenbloom, Maria Buti, Alessio Aghemo, Pietro Lampertico, Ewa Janczewska, Seng Gee Lim, Christophe Moreno, Peter Buggisch, Edward Tam, Chris Corbett, Wouter Willems, Leen Vijgen, Bart Fevery, Sivi Ouwerkerk‐Mahadevan, Oliver Ackaert, Maria Beumont, Ronald Kalmeijer, Rekha Sinha, Michael Biermer, on behalf of the OMEGA‐1 study team – 28 January 2019 – The combination of three direct‐acting antiviral agents (AL‐335, odalasvir, and simeprevir: JNJ‐4178 regimen) for 6 or 8 weeks demonstrated good efficacy and safety in a phase IIa study in chronic hepatit

The BRUCE‐ATR Signaling Axis Is Required for Accurate DNA Replication and Suppression of Liver Cancer Development

Chunmin Ge, Chrystelle L. Vilfranc, Lixiao Che, Raj K. Pandita, Shashank Hambarde, Paul R. Andreassen, Liang Niu, Olugbenga Olowokure, Shimul Shah, Susan E. Waltz, Lee Zou, Jiang Wang, Tej K. Pandita, Chunying Du – 28 January 2019 – Replication fork stability during DNA replication is vital for maintenance of genomic stability and suppression of cancer development in mammals. ATR (ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated [ATM] and RAD3‐related) is a master regulatory kinase that activates the replication stress response to overcome replication barriers.

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