Laura N. Bull, Ludmila Pawlikowska, Sandra Strautnieks, Irena Jankowska, Piotr Czubkowski, Jennifer L. Dodge, Karan Emerick, Catherine Wanty, Sami Wali, Samra Blanchard, Florence Lacaille, Jane A. Byrne, Albertien M. van Eerde, Kaija‐Leena Kolho, Roderick Houwen, Steven Lobritto, Vera Hupertz, Patricia McClean, Giorgina Mieli‐Vergani, Etienne Sokal, Philip Rosenthal, Peter F. Whitington, Joanna Pawlowska, Richard J.

Catherine A. Chapin, Thomas Burn, Tomas Meijome, Kathleen M. Loomes, Hector Melin‐Aldana, Portia A Kreiger, Peter F. Whitington, Edward M. Behrens, Estella M. Alonso – 30 March 2018 – The cause of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is unknown in up to 40% of cases. Evidence suggests that aberrant immune system activation may play a role. We hypothesized that indeterminate PALF cases would exhibit a unique pattern of hepatic inflammation. This was a retrospective and prospective study of PALF cases due to indeterminate (iPALF), autoimmune hepatitis, or known diagnosis (dPALF) etiology.

Nisreen Soufi, Rohit Kohli – 30 March 2018

Jianguo Wu, Yulan Zhao, Young‐Ki Park, Ji‐Young Lee, Ling Gao, Jiajun Zhao, Li Wang – 30 March 2018 – It has been established that nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) members promote survival by upregulating antiapoptotic genes and that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of NF‐κB is required for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐induced hepatocyte apoptosis. In this study, we demonstrate that this pro‐survival pathway is switched to pro‐apoptosis under pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4)‐deficient conditions.

Audrey Payancé, Gilberto Silva‐Junior, Julien Bissonnette, Marion Tanguy, Blandine Pasquet, Cristina Levi, Olivier Roux, Ouardia Nekachtali, Anna Baiges, Virginia Hernández‐Gea, Cédric Laouénan, Didier Lebrec, Miguel Albuquerque, Valérie Paradis, Richard Moreau, Dominique Valla, François Durand, Chantal M. Boulanger, Juan‐Carlos Garcia‐Pagan, Pierre‐Emmanuel Rautou – 30 March 2018 – Microvesicles (MVs) are extracellular vesicles released by cells following activation or apoptosis. Some MV subpopulations augment with cirrhosis severity and contribute to portal hypertension.

Stergios A. Polyzos, Jannis Kountouras, Sotiris Anastasiadis, Michael Doulberis, Panagiotis Katsinelos – 30 March 2018

26 March 2018

Jessica L. Mellinger, Kerby Shedden, Gerald Scott Winder, Elliot Tapper, Megan Adams, Robert J Fontana, Michael L. Volk, Frederic C. Blow, Anna S.F. Lok – 26 March 2018 – Alcoholic cirrhosis (AC) is a major cause of liver‐related morbidity and mortality in the United States. Rising rates of alcohol use disorders in the United States will likely result in more alcoholic liver disease. Our aim was to determine the prevalence, health care use, and costs of AC among privately insured persons in the United States.

26 March 2018

Tomohiro Suzuki, Shoko Minagawa, Takashi Yamazaki, Takatomo Arai, Mai Kanai, Satoko Shinjo, Nobuhito Goda – 26 March 2018 – Acetaminophen (APAP)‐induced liver injury is closely associated with acute hepatic inflammation. Hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1) is activated during immunological processes and regulates gene expressions in various types of immune cells. Although HIF‐1 controls the differentiation and functions of conventional T cells in chronic inflammation, the pathological importance of HIF‐1 in innate‐like T cells during acute inflammation remains unknown.