Cellular Membrane Trafficking Machineries Used by the Hepatitis Viruses

Jun Inoue, Masashi Ninomiya, Tooru Shimosegawa, Mark A. McNiven – 13 January 2018 – While the life cycles of hepatitis viruses (A, B, C, D, and E) have been modestly characterized, recent intensive studies have provided new insights. Because these viruses “hijack” the membrane trafficking of the host cell machinery during replicative propagation, it is essential to determine and understand these specific cellular pathways. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus are well known as leading causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Cellular Membrane Trafficking Machineries Used by the Hepatitis Viruses

Jun Inoue, Masashi Ninomiya, Tooru Shimosegawa, Mark A. McNiven – 13 January 2018 – While the life cycles of hepatitis viruses (A, B, C, D, and E) have been modestly characterized, recent intensive studies have provided new insights. Because these viruses “hijack” the membrane trafficking of the host cell machinery during replicative propagation, it is essential to determine and understand these specific cellular pathways. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus are well known as leading causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatic PPARα function is controlled by polyubiquitination and proteasome‐mediated degradation through the coordinated actions of PAQR3 and HUWE1

Zilong Zhao, Daqian Xu, Zheng Wang, Lin Wang, Ruomei Han, Zhenzhen Wang, Lujian Liao, Yan Chen – 13 January 2018 – Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPARα) is a key transcriptional factor that regulates hepatic lipid catabolism by stimulating fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis in an adaptive response to nutrient starvation. However, how PPARα is regulated by posttranslational modification is poorly understood.

MAIT cells are chronically activated in patients with autoimmune liver disease and promote profibrogenic hepatic stellate cell activation

Katrin Böttcher, Krista Rombouts, Francesca Saffioti, Davide Roccarina, Matteo Rosselli, Andrew Hall, TuVinh Luong, Emmanuel A. Tsochatzis, Douglas Thorburn, Massimo Pinzani – 12 January 2018 – Autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs) are chronic liver pathologies characterized by fibrosis and cirrhosis due to immune‐mediated liver damage.

Serologic responses and effectiveness of hepatitis A vaccination among human immunodeficiency virus–positive individuals during the outbreak of acute hepatitis A

Kuan‐Yin Lin, Szu‐Min Hsieh, Hsin‐Yun Sun, Yi‐Chun Lo, Wang‐Huei Sheng, Yu‐Chung Chuang, Aristine Cheng, Sung‐Ching Pan, Guan‐Jhou Chen, Chien‐Ching Hung, Shan‐Chwen Chang – 12 January 2018 – Outbreaks of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection have been occurring among men who have sex with men in the Asia‐Pacific region, the United States, and several European countries since June 2015 and recently among persons who are homeless and use illicit drugs in the United States.

Hepatocellular carcinoma–related cyclin D1 is selectively regulated by autophagy degradation system

Shan‐Ying Wu, Sheng‐Hui Lan, Shang‐Rung Wu, Yen‐Chi Chiu, Xi‐Zhang Lin, Ih‐Jen Su, Ting‐Fen Tsai, Chia‐Jui Yen, Tsung‐Hsueh Lu, Fu‐Wen Liang, Chung‐Yi Li, Huey‐Jen Su, Chun‐Li Su, Hsiao‐Sheng Liu – 12 January 2018 – Dysfunction of degradation machineries causes cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Overexpression of cyclin D1 in HCC has been reported. We previously reported that autophagy preferentially recruits and degrades the oncogenic microRNA (miR)‐224 to prevent HCC.

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