The Role of Intestinal C‐type Regenerating Islet Derived‐3 Lectins for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Sena Bluemel, Lirui Wang, Cameron Martino, Suhan Lee, Yanhan Wang, Brandon Williams, Angela Horvath, Vanessa Stadlbauer, Karsten Zengler, Bernd Schnabl – 28 February 2018 – C‐type regenerating islet derived‐3 (Reg3) lectins defend against pathogens and keep commensal bacteria at a distance. Deficiency of Reg3g and Reg3b facilitates alcohol‐induced bacterial translocation and alcoholic liver disease. Intestinal Reg3g is down‐regulated in animal models of diet‐induced obesity, but the functional consequences for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are unknown.

Transient elastography is useful in diagnosing biliary atresia and predicting prognosis after hepatoportoenterostomy

Jia‐Feng Wu, Chee‐Seng Lee, Wen‐Hsi Lin, Yung‐Ming Jeng, Huey‐Ling Chen, Yen‐Hsuan Ni, Hong‐Yuan Hsu, Mei‐Hwei Chang – 27 February 2018 – We investigated the utility of transient elastography (TE) for diagnosing biliary atresia (BA) in cholestatic infants and predicting the outcome of BA. Forty‐eight cholestatic infants (9‐87 days of age) with direct bilirubin level >1 mg/dL were enrolled. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by TE was performed during the cholestasis workup, and 15 subjects were diagnosed as BA.

Intestine farnesoid X receptor agonist and the gut microbiota activate G‐protein bile acid receptor‐1 signaling to improve metabolism

Preeti Pathak, Cen Xie, Robert G. Nichols, Jessica M. Ferrell, Shannon Boehme, Kristopher W. Krausz, Andrew D. Patterson, Frank J. Gonzalez, John Y.L. Chiang – 27 February 2018 – Bile acids activate farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and G protein–coupled bile acid receptor‐1 (aka Takeda G protein–coupled receptor‐5 [TGR5]) to regulate bile acid metabolism and glucose and insulin sensitivity. FXR and TGR5 are coexpressed in the enteroendocrine L cells, but their roles in integrated regulation of metabolism are not completely understood.

Daclatasvir and sofosbuvir treatment of decompensated liver disease or post‐liver transplant hepatitis C virus recurrence in patients with advanced liver disease/cirrhosis in a real‐world cohort

Paul Kwo, Michael W. Fried, K. Rajender Reddy, Consuelo Soldevila‐Pico, Saro Khemichian, Jama Darling, Phillippe J. Zamor, Andrew A. Napoli, Beatrice Anduze‐Faris, Robert S. Brown – 27 February 2018 – We report the findings of an early access program providing treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus infection (any genotype) with daclatasvir and sofosbuvir with/without ribavirin to patients with Child‐Pugh class C cirrhosis or prior liver transplant recipients with recurrent hepatitis C virus infection and advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis.

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