Michael J. Krowka, Julie K. Heimbach – 25 October 2016

Maria Kalafateli, Fred Wickham, Maria Burniston, Evangelos Cholongitas, Eleni Theocharidou, Matteo Garcovich, James O'Beirne, Rachel Westbrook, Gioacchino Leandro, Andrew K. Burroughs, Emmanuel A. Tsochatzis – 25 October 2016 – Current expressions based on serum creatinine concentration overestimate kidney function in cirrhosis, leading to significant differences between “true” and calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Nina Kimer, Julie Steen Pedersen, Troels Malte Busk, Lise Lotte Gluud, Lise Hobolth, Aleksander Krag, Søren Møller, Flemming Bendtsen, Copenhagen Rifaximin (CoRif) Study Group – 24 October 2016 – Decompensated cirrhosis is characterized by disturbed systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics. Bacterial translocation from the gut is considered the key driver in this process. Intestinal decontamination with rifaximin may improve hemodynamics.

José Alcaraz‐Quiles, Esther Titos, Mireia Casulleras, Marco Pavesi, Cristina López‐Vicario, Bibiana Rius, Aritz Lopategi, Andrea Gottardi, Ivo Graziadei, Henning Gronbaek, Pere Ginès, Mauro Bernardi, Vicente Arroyo, Joan Clària – 24 October 2016 – Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) in cirrhosis is an increasingly recognized syndrome characterized by acute decompensation, organ failure(s) and high short‐term mortality. Recent findings suggest that an overexuberant systemic inflammation plays a primary role in ACLF progression.

Shizhong Ke, Shuzhen Chen, Zihui Dong, Christopher S. Hong, Qi Zhang, Liang Tang, Pinghua Yang, Jian Zhai, Hexin Yan, Feng Shen, Zhengping Zhuang, Wen Wen, Hongyang Wang – 24 October 2016 – Erythrocytosis is a common paraneoplastic syndrome associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Although increased erythropoietin (EPO) is found in these patients, the clinical significance and molecular mechanisms underlying this observation are unclear.

Qian Sun, Patricia Loughran, Richard Shapiro, Indira H. Shrivastava, Daniel J. Antoine, Tunliang Li, Zhengzheng Yan, Jie Fan, Timothy R. Billiar, Melanie J. Scott – 24 October 2016 – Sterile liver inflammation, such as liver ischemia‐reperfusion, hemorrhagic shock after trauma, and drug‐induced liver injury, is initiated and regulated by endogenous mediators including DNA and reactive oxygen species.

Moreshwar S. Desai, Bhoomika Mathur, Zeena Eblimit, Hernan Vasquez, Heinrich Taegtmeyer, Saul J. Karpen, Daniel J. Penny, David D. Moore, Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk – 24 October 2016 – Cardiac dysfunction in patients with liver cirrhosis is strongly associated with increased serum bile acid concentrations. Here we show that excess bile acids decrease fatty acid oxidation in cardiomyocytes and can cause heart dysfunction, a cardiac syndrome that we term cholecardia.

Feng Su, Pamela K. Green, Kristin Berry, George N. Ioannou – 24 October 2016 – Black race and Hispanic ethnicity were associated with lower rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) to interferon‐based treatments for chronic hepatitis C virus infection, whereas Asian race was associated with higher SVR rates compared to white patients. We aimed to describe the association between race/ethnicity and effectiveness of new direct‐acting antiviral regimens in the Veterans Affairs health care system nationally.

Jari E. Kaikkonen, Peter Würtz, Emmi Suomela, Miia Lehtovirta, Antti J. Kangas, Antti Jula, Vera Mikkilä, Jorma S.A. Viikari, Markus Juonala, Tapani Rönnemaa, Nina Hutri‐Kähönen, Mika Kähönen, Terho Lehtimäki, Pasi Soininen, Mika Ala‐Korpela, Olli T. Raitakari – 24 October 2016 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver is associated with obesity‐related metabolic disturbances, but little is known about the metabolic perturbations preceding fatty liver disease.

Sukanta Das, Jaswinder Singh Maras, Md. Shabir Hussain, Shvetank Sharma, Paul David, Sukriti Sukriti, Saggere Muralikrishna Shasthry, Rakhi Maiwall, Nirupama Trehanpati, Tej P. Singh, Shiv Kumar Sarin – 24 October 2016 – Albumin is a potent scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, modifications in albumin structure may reduce its antioxidant properties and modulate its immune‐regulatory functions.