Genomic analysis of hepatoblastoma identifies distinct molecular and prognostic subgroups

Pavel Sumazin, Yidong Chen, Lisa R. Treviño, Stephen F. Sarabia, Oliver A. Hampton, Kayuri Patel, Toni‐Ann Mistretta, Barry Zorman, Patrick Thompson, Andras Heczey, Sarah Comerford, David A. Wheeler, Murali Chintagumpala, Rebecka Meyers, Dinesh Rakheja, Milton J. Finegold, Gail Tomlinson, D. Williams Parsons, Dolores López‐Terrada – 24 October 2016 – Despite being the most common liver cancer in children, hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare neoplasm.

METTL14 suppresses the metastatic potential of hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating N6‐methyladenosine‐dependent primary MicroRNA processing

Jin‐zhao Ma, Fu Yang, Chuan‐chuan Zhou, Feng Liu, Ji‐hang Yuan, Fang Wang, Tian‐tian Wang, Qing‐guo Xu, Wei‐ping Zhou, Shu‐han Sun – 24 October 2016 – N6‐Methyladenosine (m6A) modification has been implicated in many biological processes. However, its role in cancer has not been well studied. Here, we demonstrate that m6A modifications are decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma, especially in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma, and that methyltransferase‐like 14 (METTL14) is the main factor involved in aberrant m6A modification.

CD4+Foxp3+ T cells promote aberrant immunoglobulin G production and maintain CD8+ T‐cell suppression during chronic liver disease

Dana Tedesco, Manoj Thapa, Sanjeev Gumber, Elizabeth J. Elrod, Khalidur Rahman, Chris C. Ibegbu, Joseph F. Magliocca, Andrew B. Adams, Frank Anania, Arash Grakoui – 24 October 2016 – Persistent hepatotropic viral infections are a common etiologic agent of chronic liver disease. Unresolved infection can be attributed to nonfunctional intrahepatic CD8+ T‐cell responses. In light of dampened CD8+ T‐cell responses, liver disease often manifests systemically as immunoglobulin (Ig)‐related syndromes due to aberrant B‐cell functions.

Acetylation of PGK1 promotes liver cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis

Hongli Hu, Wenwei Zhu, Jun Qin, Min Chen, Liyan Gong, Long Li, Xiangyuan Liu, Yongzhen Tao, Huiyong Yin, Hu Zhou, Lisha Zhou, Dan Ye, Qinghai Ye, Daming Gao – 24 October 2016 – Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) is an important enzyme in the metabolic glycolysis pathway. In this study, we observed a significant overexpression of PGK1 in liver cancer tissues and a negative correlation between PGK1 expression and liver cancer patient survival.

Stem cell–derived models to improve mechanistic understanding and prediction of human drug‐induced liver injury

Christopher Goldring, Daniel J. Antoine, Frank Bonner, Jonathan Crozier, Chris Denning, Robert J. Fontana, Neil A. Hanley, David C. Hay, Magnus Ingelman‐Sundberg, Satu Juhila, Neil Kitteringham, Beatriz Silva‐Lima, Alan Norris, Chris Pridgeon, James A. Ross, Rowena Sison Young, Danilo Tagle, Belen Tornesi, Bob van de Water, Richard J. Weaver, Fang Zhang, B. Kevin Park – 24 October 2016 – Current preclinical drug testing does not predict some forms of adverse drug reactions in humans.

A Karnofsky performance status–based score predicts death after hospital discharge in patients with cirrhosis

Puneeta Tandon, K. Rajender Reddy, Jacqueline G. O'Leary, Guadalupe Garcia‐Tsao, Juan G. Abraldes, Florence Wong, Scott W. Biggins, Benedict Maliakkal, Michael B. Fallon, Ram M. Subramanian, Paul Thuluvath, Patrick S. Kamath, Leroy R. Thacker, Jasmohan S. Bajaj, North American Consortium for the Study of End‐Stage Liver Disease – 24 October 2016 – Identification of patients with cirrhosis at risk for death within 3 months of discharge from the hospital is essential to individualize postdischarge plans.

Hyperoxidized albumin modulates neutrophils to induce oxidative stress and inflammation in severe alcoholic hepatitis

Sukanta Das, Jaswinder Singh Maras, Md. Shabir Hussain, Shvetank Sharma, Paul David, Sukriti Sukriti, Saggere Muralikrishna Shasthry, Rakhi Maiwall, Nirupama Trehanpati, Tej P. Singh, Shiv Kumar Sarin – 24 October 2016 – Albumin is a potent scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, modifications in albumin structure may reduce its antioxidant properties and modulate its immune‐regulatory functions.

An assessment of benefits and harms of hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in patients with cirrhosis

Omair Atiq, Jasmin Tiro, Adam C. Yopp, Adam Muffler, Jorge A. Marrero, Neehar D. Parikh, Caitlin Murphy, Katharine McCallister, Amit G. Singal – 24 October 2016 – Although surveillance ultrasound and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) tests have minimal direct harm, downstream harms from follow‐up tests must be weighed against surveillance benefits when determining the value of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening programs. Our study's aims were to characterize prevalence and correlates of surveillance benefits and harms in cirrhosis patients undergoing HCC surveillance.

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