Young‐Suk Lim, Yung Sang Lee, Geum‐Youn Gwak, Kwan Soo Byun, Yoon Jun Kim, Jonggi Choi, Jihyun An, Han Chu Lee, Byung Chul Yoo, So Young Kwon – 30 March 2017 – Combination therapy has been recommended for the treatment of patients harboring multiple drug‐resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, we recently demonstrated that monotherapy with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for 48 weeks displayed noninferior efficacy to TDF plus entecavir (ETV) combination therapy in patients with HBV resistant to multiple drugs, including ETV and adefovir.

Marco Cassano, Sandra Offner, Evarist Planet, Alessandra Piersigilli, Suk Min Jang, Hugues Henry, Markus B. Geuking, Catherine Mooser, Kathy D. McCoy, Andrew J. Macpherson, Didier Trono – 30 March 2017 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the fifth‐most common form of cancer worldwide and carries a high mortality rate attributed to lack of effective treatment. Males are 8 times more likely to develop HCC than females, an effect largely driven by sex hormones, albeit through still poorly understood mechanisms.

Samer Tohme, Hamza O. Yazdani, Yao Liu, Patricia Loughran, Dirk J. van der Windt, Hai Huang, Richard L. Simmons, Sruti Shiva, Sheng Tai, Allan Tsung – 30 March 2017 – The ability of cancer cells to survive and grow under hypoxic conditions has been known for decades, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Under certain conditions, cancer cells undergo changes in their bioenergetic profile to favor mitochondrial respiration by activating the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC‐1α) and up‐regulating mitochondrial biogenesis.

Mitchell L. Shiffman, Nadege T. Gunn – 30 March 2017

Yucel Aydin, Animesh Chatterjee, Partha K Chandra, Srinivas Chava, Weina Chen, Anamika Tandon, Asha Dash, Milad Chedid, Martin W Moehlen, Frederic Regenstein, Luis A Balart, Ari Cohen, Hua Lu, Tong Wu, Srikanta Dash – 28 March 2017 – The mechanism why hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance by direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) does not eliminate the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with advanced cirrhosis is unclear. Many viral and bacterial infections degrade p53 in favor of cell survival to adapt an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐stress response.

Hui Han, Yuxin He, Jay Hu, Rhema Lau, Harrison Lee, Cheng Ji – 27 March 2017 – Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) are involved in anti‐human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drugs and alcohol‐induced liver disease in a significant number of patients infected with HIV. However, the precise mechanism by which the drugs and alcohol cause ER stress remains elusive.

Yasuhiro Nakano, Sachie Nakao, Hideaki Sumiyoshi, Kenichiro Mikami, Yuri Tanno, Minako Sueoka, Daigo Kasahara, Hiroshi Kimura, Tadashi Moro, Akihide Kamiya, Katsuto Hozumi, Yutaka Inagaki – 27 March 2017 – The liver is well known to possess high regenerative capacity in response to partial resection or tissue injury. However, liver regeneration is often impaired in the case of advanced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis when mature hepatocytes can hardly self‐proliferate. Hepatic progenitor cells have been implicated as a source of hepatocytes in regeneration of the fibrotic liver.

Guadalupe Garcia‐Tsao, Juan G. Abraldes, Annalisa Berzigotti, Jaime Bosch – 25 March 2017

Sara M. Lewin, Neil Mehta, R. Kate Kelley, John P. Roberts, Francis Y. Yao, Danielle Brandman – 24 March 2017 – Liver transplantation (LT) is a well‐established treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in carefully selected patients. Risk factors for tumors with poor prognostic features on explant have not been well described in a national cohort. We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult LT recipients with HCC transplanted from April 8, 2012 (when explant pathology in United Network for Organ Sharing [UNOS] became available) until September 30, 2014.

Ghady Haidar, Nina Singh – 24 March 2017