Inhibition of mast cell‐secreted histamine decreases biliary proliferation and fibrosis in primary sclerosing cholangitis Mdr2−/− mice

Hannah Jones, Laura Hargrove, Lindsey Kennedy, Fanyin Meng, Allyson Graf‐Eaton, Jennifer Owens, Gianfranco Alpini, Christopher Johnson, Francesca Bernuzzi, Jennifer Demieville, Sharon DeMorrow, Pietro Invernizzi, Heather Francis – 28 June 2016 – Hepatic fibrosis is marked by activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Cholestatic injury precedes liver fibrosis, and cholangiocytes interact with HSCs promoting fibrosis. Mast cells (MCs) infiltrate following liver injury and release histamine, increasing biliary proliferation.

Ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir for 12 weeks in patients with hepatitis C genotype 4 infection

Armand Abergel, Sophie Metivier, Didier Samuel, Deyuan Jiang, Kathryn Kersey, Phillip S. Pang, Evguenia Svarovskaia, Steven J. Knox, Veronique Loustaud‐Ratti, Tarik Asselah – 28 June 2016 – Genotype 4 hepatitis C virus (HCV) was considered difficult to treat in the era of pegylated interferon‐alpha (Peg‐IFN‐α) and ribavirin regimens. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of therapy with the nonstructural (NS) 5A inhibitor, ledipasvir, combined with the NS5B polymerase inhibitor, sofosbuvir, in patients with HCV genotype 4.

Hypervariable region 1 shielding of hepatitis C virus is a main contributor to genotypic differences in neutralization sensitivity

Jannick Prentoe, Rodrigo Velázquez‐Moctezuma, Steven K.H. Foung, Mansun Law, Jens Bukh – 28 June 2016 – There are 3‐4 million new hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections yearly. The extensive intergenotypic sequence diversity of envelope proteins E1 and E2 of HCV and shielding of important epitopes by hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of E2 are believed to be major hindrances to developing universally protective HCV vaccines.

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