The myeloid heat shock transcription factor 1/β‐catenin axis regulates NLR family, pyrin domain‐containing 3 inflammasome activation in mouse liver ischemia/reperfusion injury

Shi Yue, Jianjun Zhu, Ming Zhang, Changyong Li, Xingliang Zhou, Min Zhou, Michael Ke, Ronald W. Busuttil, Qi‐Long Ying, Jerzy W. Kupiec‐Weglinski, Qiang Xia, Bibo Ke – 30 July 2016 – Heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) has been implicated in the differential regulation of cell stress and disease states. β‐catenin activation is essential for immune homeostasis. However, little is known about the role of macrophage HSF1‐β‐catenin signaling in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury (IRI) in the liver.

A novel high mobility group box 1 neutralizing chimeric antibody attenuates drug‐induced liver injury and postinjury inflammation in mice

Peter Lundbäck, Jonathan D. Lea, Agnieszka Sowinska, Lars Ottosson, Camilla Melin Fürst, Johanna Steen, Cecilia Aulin, Joanna I. Clarke, Anja Kipar, Lena Klevenvall, Huan Yang, Karin Palmblad, B. Kevin Park, Kevin J. Tracey, Anna M. Blom, Ulf Andersson, Daniel J. Antoine, Helena Erlandsson Harris – 30 July 2016 – Acetaminophen (APAP) overdoses are of major clinical concern.

Proton pump inhibitors as a risk factor for hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis with ascites

Gitte Dam, Hendrik Vilstrup, Hugh Watson, Peter Jepsen – 30 July 2016 – Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may be a risk factor for hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in patients with cirrhosis, possibly through translocation of gut bacteria, which can also lead to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). We examined the associations between PPIs and development of HE or SBP in patients with cirrhosis with ascites. We used data from three 1‐year trials of satavaptan for ascites control. We used Cox regression to compare HE and SBP rates between users and nonusers of PPIs.

Assessment of the clinical cardiac drug‐drug interaction associated with the combination of hepatitis C virus nucleotide inhibitors and amiodarone in guinea pigs and rhesus monkeys

Christopher P. Regan, Pierre Morissette, Hillary K. Regan, Jeffery J. Travis, Pamela Gerenser, Jianzhong Wen, Kevin Fitzgerald, Shaun Gruver, Joseph J. DeGeorge, Frederick J. Sannajust – 30 July 2016 – In 2015, European and U.S. health agencies issued warning letters in response to 9 reported clinical cases of severe bradycardia/bradyarrhythmia in hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐infected patients treated with sofosbuvir (SOF) in combination with other direct acting antivirals (DAAs) and the antiarrhythmic drug, amiodarone (AMIO).

Extracellular vesicles carry microRNA‐195 to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and improve survival in a rat model

Ling Li, Klaus Piontek, Masaharu Ishida, Michel Fausther, Jonathan A. Dranoff, Rongdang Fu, Esteban Mezey, Stephen J. Gould, Francis K. Fordjour, Stephen J. Meltzer, Alphonse E. Sirica, Florin M. Selaru – 30 July 2016 – The cancer microenvironment plays a central role in cancer development, growth, and homeostasis. This paradigm suggests that cancer fibroblasts support cancers, probably in response to stimuli received from the cancer cells.

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