Attenuated portal hypertension in germ‐free mice: Function of bacterial flora on the development of mesenteric lymphatic and blood vessels

Sheida Moghadamrad, Kathy D. McCoy, Markus B. Geuking, Hans Sägesser, Jorum Kirundi, Andrew J. Macpherson, Andrea De Gottardi – 16 January 2015 – Intestinal bacterial flora may induce splanchnic hemodynamic and histological alterations that are associated with portal hypertension (PH). We hypothesized that experimental PH would be attenuated in the complete absence of intestinal bacteria. We induced prehepatic PH by partial portal vein ligation (PPVL) in germ‐free (GF) or mice colonized with altered Schaedler's flora (ASF).

Terlipressin plus albumin versus midodrine and octreotide plus albumin in the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome: A randomized trial

Marta Cavallin, Patrick S. Kamath, Manuela Merli, Silvano Fasolato, Pierluigi Toniutto, Francesco Salerno, Mauro Bernardi, Roberto Giulio Romanelli, Cosimo Colletta, Freddy Salinas, Antonio Di Giacomo, Lorenzo Ridola, Ezio Fornasiere, Paolo Caraceni, Filippo Morando, Salvatore Piano, Angelo Gatta, Paolo Angeli, for the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver Study Group on Hepatorenal Syndrome – 16 January 2015 – Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), a serious complication of cirrhosis, is associated with high mortality without treatment.

Hepatocyte buds derived from progenitor cells repopulate regions of parenchymal extinction in human cirrhosis

Ashley E. Stueck, Ian R. Wanless – 16 January 2015 – Repair of cirrhotic livers occurs, in part, by repopulation with hepatocytes through the stem/progenitor pathway. There remain many uncertainties regarding this pathway. Hepatocyte “buds” occurring in broad septa are hypothesized to be the anatomic manifestation of this pathway. Our purpose was to define a morphologic sequence of bud maturation to allow a quantitative measure of the importance of the stem/progenitor pathway in humans.

A clinicopathological cohort study of liver pathology in 301 patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Mark W. Sonderup, Helen Wainwright, Pauline Hall, Henry Hairwadzi, C. Wendy N. Spearman – 16 January 2015 – Liver disease complicates human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome; however, liver pathology data are limited, particularly from high HIV prevalence countries. We investigated the spectrum and clinicopathological correlates of liver pathology in a high HIV burden setting.

Experimental transmission of equine hepacivirus in horses as a model for hepatitis C virus

Joshua D. Ramsay, Ryan Evanoff, Tom E. Wilkinson, Thomas J. Divers, Donald P. Knowles, Robert H. Mealey – 10 January 2015 – Equine hepacivirus (EHCV; nonprimate hepacivirus) is a hepatotropic member of the Flaviviridae family that infects horses. Although EHCV is the closest known relative to hepatitis C virus (HCV), its complete replication kinetics in vivo have not been described, and direct evidence that it causes hepatitis has been lacking. In this study, we detected EHCV in 2 horses that developed post‐transfusion hepatitis.

Altered hepatic gene expression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with lower hepatic n‐3 and n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Bianca M. Arendt, Elena M. Comelli, David W.L. Ma, Wendy Lou, Anastasia Teterina, TaeHyung Kim, Scott K. Fung, David K.H. Wong, Ian McGilvray, Sandra E. Fischer, Johane P. Allard – 10 January 2015 – In nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic gene expression and fatty acid (FA) composition have been reported independently, but a comprehensive gene expression profiling in relation to FA composition is lacking. The aim was to assess this relationship.

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