Agostino Colli, Mirella Fraquelli, Giovanni Casazza, Dario Conte, Dimitrinka Nikolova, Piergiorgio Duca, Kristian Thorlund, Christian Gluud – 26 November 2013 – The diagnostic research process can be divided into five phases, designed to establish the clinical utility of a new diagnostic test—the index test. The aim of the present review is to illustrate the study designs that are appropriate for each diagnostic phase, using clinical examples regarding liver fibrosis diagnosed with transient elastography, when possible.

Song‐iee Han, Yoko Komatsu, Akiko Murayama, Knut R. Steffensen, Yoshimi Nakagawa, Yuka Nakajima, Michiko Suzuki, Shohei Oie, Paolo Parini, Lise‐Lotte Vedin, Hiroyuki Kishimoto, Hitoshi Shimano, Jan‐Åke Gustafsson, Junn Yanagisawa – 26 November 2013 – Liver X receptor (LXR) activation stimulates triglyceride (TG) accumulation in the liver. Several lines of evidence indicate that estradiol‐17β (E2) reduces TG levels in the liver; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the E2 effect remains unclear.

Agostino Colli, Mirella Fraquelli, Giovanni Casazza, Dario Conte, Dimitrinka Nikolova, Piergiorgio Duca, Kristian Thorlund, Christian Gluud – 26 November 2013 – The diagnostic research process can be divided into five phases, designed to establish the clinical utility of a new diagnostic test—the index test. The aim of the present review is to illustrate the study designs that are appropriate for each diagnostic phase, using clinical examples regarding liver fibrosis diagnosed with transient elastography, when possible.

26 November 2013

Susan L. Uprichard – 26 November 2013

26 November 2013

Kaoru Tsuchiya, Yasuhiro Asahina, Nobuharu Tamaki, Yutaka Yasui, Takanori Hosokawa, Ken Ueda, Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Jun Itakura, Masayuki Kurosaki, Nobuyuki Enomoto, Namiki Izumi – 25 November 2013 – Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective and safe noninvasive treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and may be useful as a bridging therapy in liver transplantation. The prognosis after liver transplantation for patients within the Milan criteria is excellent.

Hiroto Egawa, Katsuji Nishimura, Satoshi Teramukai, Masakazu Yamamoto, Koji Umeshita, Hiroyuki Furukawa, Shinji Uemoto – 25 November 2013 – Alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) is an established indication for liver transplantation (LT). Most LT procedures in Japan are living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) because of an extreme shortage of deceased donors. Social circumstances enabling LDLT could be favorable for preventing relapse. The aims of this retrospective study were to analyze the outcomes of LDLT for ALC and to evaluate risk factors for relapse in this cohort.

Elena Grossini, Piero Pollesello, Kevin Bellofatto, Lorenzo Sigaudo, Serena Farruggio, Veronica Origlia, Cristina Mombello, David A. S. G. Mary, Guido Valente, Giovanni Vacca – 23 November 2013 – As in other organs, oxidative stress–induced injury and cell death may result from free oxygen radical–dependent mechanisms and alterations in signal transduction pathways leading to apoptosis. Among the new suggested therapies for injuries caused by oxidative stress, the use of levosimendan has been reported to be quite promising.

Chunjiong Wang, Yujing Chi, Jing Li, Yifei Miao, Sha Li, Wen Su, Shi Jia, Zhenzhen Chen, Shengnan Du, Xiaoyan Zhang, Yunfeng Zhou, Wenhan Wu, Mingyan Zhu, Zhiwei Wang, Huaqian Yang, Guoheng Xu, Shiqiang Wang, Jichun Yang, Youfei Guan – 23 November 2013 – FAM3A belongs to a novel cytokine‐like gene family, and its physiological role remains largely unknown. In our study, we found a marked reduction of FAM3A expression in the livers of db/db and high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced diabetic mice.