Prevalence and predictors of hepatitis B virus coinfection in a United States cohort of hepatitis C virus‐infected patients

Gia L. Tyson, Jennifer R. Kramer, Zhigang Duan, Jessica A. Davila, Peter A. Richardson, Hashem B. El‐Serag – 16 March 2013 – There are sparse epidemiologic data on coinfection of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) in the United States. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of HBV coinfection in a large U.S. population of HCV patients. We used the National Veterans Affairs HCV Clinical Case Registry to identify patients tested for HCV during 1997‐2005.

Suppression of actopaxin impairs hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through modulation of cell migration and invasion

Lui Ng, Ronnie Tung‐Ping Poon, Simon Yau, Ariel Chow, Colin Lam, Hung‐Sing Li, Thomas Chung‐Cheung Yau, Wai‐Lun Law, Roberta Pang – 16 March 2013 – Early reports suggested that actopaxin, a member of the focal adhesion proteins, regulates cell migration. Here we investigated whether actopaxin is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and metastasis. We examined actopaxin expression in human HCC samples using immunohistochemistry and western blotting.

Both resistance training and aerobic training reduce hepatic fat content in type 2 diabetic subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (the RAED2 randomized trial)

Elisabetta Bacchi, Carlo Negri, Giovanni Targher, Niccolò Faccioli, Massimo Lanza, Giacomo Zoppini, Elisabetta Zanolin, Federico Schena, Enzo Bonora, Paolo Moghetti – 16 March 2013 – Although lifestyle interventions are considered the first‐line therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is extremely common in people with type 2 diabetes, no intervention studies have compared the effects of aerobic (AER) or resistance (RES) training on hepatic fat content in type 2 diabetic subjects with NAFLD.

PROX1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by way of up‐regulating hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α expression and protein stability

Yanfeng Liu, Ju‐Bo Zhang, Yi Qin, Wei Wang, Lili Wei, Yigang Teng, Lei Guo, Bo Zhang, Zhenhai Lin, Jing Liu, Zheng‐Gang Ren, Qing‐Hai Ye, Youhua Xie – 16 March 2013 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers and the third leading cause of death from cancer worldwide. HCC has a very poor prognosis because of tumor invasiveness, frequent intrahepatic spread, and extrahepatic metastasis. The molecular mechanism of HCC invasiveness and metastasis is poorly understood.

Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a key regulator of oval cell activation and inflammation‐associated liver carcinogenesis in mice

Tobias Pusterla, Julia Nèmeth, Ilan Stein, Lars Wiechert, David Knigin, Silke Marhenke, Thomas Longerich, Varun Kumar, Bernd Arnold, Arndt Vogel, Angelika Bierhaus, Eli Pikarsky, Jochen Hess, Peter Angel – 16 March 2013 – The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a multiligand receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily.

Signal regulatory protein α is associated with tumor‐polarized macrophages phenotype switch and plays a pivotal role in tumor progression

Yu‐fei Pan, Ye‐xiong Tan, Min Wang, Jian Zhang, Bo Zhang, Chun Yang, Zhi‐wen Ding, Li‐wei Dong, Hong‐yang Wang – 16 March 2013 – Macrophages (Mψ) are the major component of infiltrating leukocytes in tumors and exhibit distinct phenotypes according to the microenvironment. We have recently found that signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα), the inhibitory molecule expressed on myeloid cells, plays a critical role in controlling innate immune activation.

Vitamin D and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Is it more than just an association?

Ryan M. Kwok, Dawn M. Torres, Stephen A. Harrison – 16 March 2013 – Vitamin D is a secosteroid with known effects on calcium homeostasis that has recently been shown to have other significant functions regarding immune modulation, cell differentiation and proliferation, and the inflammatory response. As our understanding of the many functions of vitamin D has grown, the presence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has become more evident in Western populations. Concomitantly, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease.

Platelet‐derived growth factor‐D and Rho GTPases regulate recruitment of cancer‐associated fibroblasts in cholangiocarcinoma

Massimiliano Cadamuro, Giorgia Nardo, Stefano Indraccolo, Luigi Dall'Olmo, Luisa Sambado, Lidia Moserle, Irene Franceschet, Michele Colledan, Marco Massani, Tommaso Stecca, Nicolò Bassi, Stuart Morton, Carlo Spirli, Romina Fiorotto, Luca Fabris, Mario Strazzabosco – 15 March 2013 – Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is characterized by an abundant stromal reaction. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are pivotal in tumor growth and invasiveness and represent a potential therapeutic target.

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