Therapeutic effect of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4/immunoglobulin on a murine model of primary biliary cirrhosis

Amy Dhirapong, Guo‐Xiang Yang, Steven Nadler, Weici Zhang, Koichi Tsuneyama, Patrick Leung, Stuart Knechtle, Aftab A. Ansari, Ross L. Coppel, Fu‐Tong Liu, Xiao‐Song He, M. Eric Gershwin – 19 September 2012 – Collectively, the data in both humans and murine models of human primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) suggest that activated T cells, particularly CD8 T cells, play a critical role in biliary cell destruction.

Proapoptotic effects of the chemokine, CXCL 10 are mediated by the noncognate receptor TLR4 in hepatocytes

Hacer Sahin, Erawan Borkham‐Kamphorst, Nicole T. do O, Marie‐Luise Berres, Michaela Kaldenbach, Petra Schmitz, Ralf Weiskirchen, Christian Liedtke, Konrad L. Streetz, Kathrin Maedler, Christian Trautwein, Hermann E. Wasmuth – 19 September 2012 – Aberrant expression of the chemokine CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)10 has been linked to the severity of hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐induced liver injury, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Hepatopulmonary syndrome: Favorable outcomes in the MELD exception era

Vivek N. Iyer, Karen L. Swanson, Rodrigo Cartin‐Ceba, Ross A. Dierkhising, Charles B. Rosen, Julie K. Heimbach, Russell H. Wiesner, Michael J. Krowka – 19 September 2012 – Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a pulmonary vascular disorder occurring as a consequence of advanced liver disease, characterized by hypoxemia due to intrapulmonary vascular dilatations. HPS independently increases mortality, regardless of the cause or severity of liver disease. Liver transplantation (LT) improves survival in HPS.

IFITM1 is a tight junction protein that inhibits hepatitis C virus entry

Courtney Wilkins, Jessica Woodward, Daryl T.‐Y. Lau, Amy Barnes, Michael Joyce, Nicola McFarlane, Jane A. McKeating, D. Lorne Tyrrell, Michael Gale – 19 September 2012 – Type 1 interferon (IFN) continues to be the foundation for the current standard of care combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, yet the component interferon‐stimulated genes (ISGs) that mediate the antiviral actions of IFN are not fully defined.

MicroRNA‐10a is involved in the metastatic process by regulating Eph tyrosine kinase receptor A4‐Mediated epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and adhesion in hepatoma cells*

Yan Yan, Yue‐Chen Luo, Hai‐Ying Wan, Jun Wang, Pei‐Pei Zhang, Min Liu, Xin Li, Shengping Li, Hua Tang – 19 September 2012 – MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be associated with the development of cancers. However, the function of miRNAs in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely undefined. Here we found that overexpression of miR‐10a promoted the migration and invasion of QGY‐7703 and HepG2 cells in vitro but suppressed metastasis in vivo.

Histone lysine methyltransferase, suppressor of variegation 3‐9 homolog 1, promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and is negatively regulated by microRNA‐125b

Dorothy Ngo‐Yin Fan, Felice Ho‐Ching Tsang, Aegean Hoi‐Kam Tam, Sandy Leung‐Kuen Au, Carmen Chak‐Lui Wong, Lai Wei, Joyce Man‐Fong Lee, Xianghuo He, Irene Oi‐Lin Ng, Chun‐Ming Wong – 18 September 2012 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major liver malignancy. We previously demonstrated that deregulation of epigenetic regulators is a common event in human HCC.

Intestinal mucus‐derived nanoparticle–mediated activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling plays a role in induction of liver natural killer T cell anergy in mice

Zhong‐Bin Deng, Xiaoying Zhuang, Songwen Ju, Xiaoyu Xiang, Jingyao Mu, Qilong Wang, Hong Jiang, Lifeng Zhang, Mitchell Kronenberg, Jun Yan, Donald Miller, Huang‐Ge Zhang – 18 September 2012 – The Wnt/β‐catenin pathway has been known to play a role in induction of immune tolerance, but its role in the induction and maintenance of natural killer T (NKT) cell anergy is unknown. We found that activation of the Wnt pathways in the liver microenvironment is important for induction of NKT cell anergy.

Differentiation capacity of hepatic stem/progenitor cells isolated from D‐galactosamine‐treated rat livers

Norihisa Ichinohe, Naoki Tanimizu, Hidekazu Ooe, Yukio Nakamura, Toru Mizuguchi, Junko Kon, Koichi Hirata, Toshihiro Mitaka – 18 September 2012 – Oval cells and small hepatocytes (SHs) are known to be hepatic stem and progenitor cells. Although oval cells are believed to differentiate into mature hepatocytes (MHs) through SHs, the details of their differentiation process are not well understood. Furthermore, it is not certain whether the induced cells possess fully mature functions as MHs.

Increased apoptosis induction in hepatocellular carcinoma by a novel tumor‐targeted TRAIL fusion protein combined with bortezomib

Kristin Wahl, Martin Siegemund, Frank Lehner, Florian Vondran, Andreas Nüssler, Florian Länger, Till Krech, Roland Kontermann, Michael P. Manns, Klaus Schulze‐Osthoff, Klaus Pfizenmaier, Heike Bantel – 18 September 2012 – As the result of an increasing incidence and a prevalent therapy resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), there is a strong need for novel strategies to enhance treatment responses in HCC.

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