Paolo De Simone, Lucio Caccamo, Vincenzo Scuderi, Patrizia Burra, Monica Franciosi – 24 July 2012

Wei Ma, Carmen Chak‐Lui Wong, Edmund Kwok‐Kwan Tung, Chun Ming Wong, Irene Oi‐Lin Ng – 24 July 2012 – Deregulation of Rho guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) pathways plays an important role in tumorigenesis and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). RhoE/Rnd3 belongs to an atypical subfamily of the RhoGTPase, the Rnd family, as it lacks the intrinsic GTPase activity and remains always in its active GTP‐bound form. In this study we investigated the role of RhoE in HCC.

Maria Beatriz Herrera, Valentina Fonsato, Stefania Bruno, Cristina Grange, Nicholas Gilbo, Renato Romagnoli, Ciro Tetta, Giovanni Camussi – 24 July 2012 – Liver transplantation is currently the only effective therapy for fulminant liver failure, but its use is limited by the scarcity of organs for transplantation, high costs, and lifelong immunosuppression. Here we investigated whether human liver stem cells (HLSCs) protect from death in a lethal model of fulminant liver failure induced by intraperitoneal injection of D‐galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide in SCID mice.

David Ellinghaus, Trine Folseraas, Kristian Holm, Eva Ellinghaus, Espen Melum, Tobias Balschun, Jon K. Laerdahl, Alexey Shiryaev, Daniel N. Gotthardt, Tobias J. Weismüller, Christoph Schramm, Michael Wittig, Annika Bergquist, Einar Björnsson, Hanns‐Ulrich Marschall, Morten Vatn, Andreas Teufel, Christian Rust, Christian Gieger, H‐Erich Wichmann, Heiko Runz, Martina Sterneck, Christian Rupp, Felix Braun, Rinse K. Weersma, Cisca Wijmenga, Cyriel Y. Ponsioen, Christopher G. Mathew, Paul Rutgeerts, Séverine Vermeire, Erik Schrumpf, Johannes R. Hov, Michael P. Manns, Kirsten M.

Xuefu Wang, Rui Sun, Haiming Wei, Zhigang Tian – 23 July 2012 – Acetaminophen overdose causes acute liver inflammation with neutrophil infiltration; however, the mechanism of damage‐associated inflammation has not been elucidated. In this study we found that the HMGB1‐TLR4‐IL‐23‐IL‐17A axis played a crucial role in acetaminophen‐induced infiltration of neutrophils and liver injury. Notably, interleukin (IL)‐17A and IL‐23 significantly increased after acetaminophen challenge.

Jiajie Hou, Juan Xu, Runqiu Jiang, Youjing Wang, Chen Chen, Lei Deng, Xingxu Huang, Xuehao Wang, Beicheng Sun – 23 July 2012 – Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO), one of the receptor types of phosphotyrosine phosphatases (PTP), was recently described as a tumor suppressor in various kinds of cancers. We aimed to clarify the role of PTPRO in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Douglas Mogul, Kathleen B. Schwarz – 23 July 2012 – Watch an interview with Dr. Schwarz

Sanjeev Arora, Karla Thornton, Andrea Bradford – 23 July 2012 – Watch a video presentation of this article

Mark S. Sulkowski – 23 July 2012 – Watch the interview with the author

Kymberly D. Watt – 23 July 2012 – Key Points