Use of surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with cirrhosis in the United States

Jessica A. Davila, Robert O. Morgan, Peter A. Richardson, Xianglin L. Du, Katherine A. McGlynn, Hashem B. El‐Serag – 23 June 2010 – Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis is recommended but may not be performed. The extent and determinants of HCC surveillance are unknown. We conducted a population‐based United States cohort study of patients over 65 years of age to examine use and determinants of prediagnosis surveillance in patients with HCC who were previously diagnosed with cirrhosis.

Deletion of interleukin‐6 in mice with the dominant negative form of transforming growth factor β receptor II improves colitis but exacerbates autoimmune cholangitis

Weici Zhang, Masanobu Tsuda, Guo‐Xiang Yang, Koichi Tsuneyama, Guanghua Rong, William M. Ridgway, Aftab A. Ansari, Richard A. Flavell, Ross L. Coppel, Zhe‐Xiong Lian, M. Eric Gershwin – 23 June 2010 – The role of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) in autoimmunity attracts attention because of the clinical usage of monoclonal antibodies to IL‐6 receptor (IL‐6R), designed to block IL‐6 pathways.

Comparison of surrogate and direct measurement of insulin resistance in chronic hepatitis C virus infection: Impact of obesity and ethnicity

Khoa D. Lam, Peter Bacchetti, Fahim Abbasi, Claudia E. Ayala, Samuel M. Loeb, Vidhi Shah, Michael J. Wen, Gerald M. Reaven, Jacquelyn J. Maher, Mandana Khalili – 23 June 2010 – Studies using surrogate estimates show high prevalence of insulin resistance in hepatitis C infection. This study prospectively evaluated the correlation between surrogate and directly measured estimates of insulin resistance and the impact of obesity and ethnicity on this relationship.

Theophylline improves steroid sensitivity in acute alcoholic hepatitis

Stuart F. W. Kendrick, Elsbeth Henderson, Jeremy Palmer, David E. J. Jones, Chris P. Day – 23 June 2010 – Corticosteroid therapy has shown some benefit in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH); however, this is limited by uncertainty in patient selection and variable clinical response. Theophylline has been shown to ameliorate impaired steroid sensitivity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by facilitating corticosteroid‐induced silencing of proinflammatory genes.

Carriage of a tumor necrosis factor polymorphism amplifies the cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen 4 attributed risk of primary biliary cirrhosis: Evidence for a gene–gene interaction

Brian D. Juran, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Joseph J. Larson, Erik M. Schlicht, Xiangdong Liu, E. Jenny Heathcote, Gideon M. Hirschfield, Katherine A. Siminovitch, Konstantinos N. Lazaridis – 23 June 2010 – Common genetic variants significantly influence complex diseases such as primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). We recently reported an association between PBC and a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs231725) of the immunoreceptor gene cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4).

Religiosity associated with prolonged survival in liver transplant recipients

Franco Bonaguidi, Claudio Michelassi, Franco Filipponi, Daniele Rovai – 18 June 2010 – We tested the hypothesis that religiosity (ie, seeking God's help, having faith in God, trusting in God, and trying to perceive God's will in the disease) is associated with improved survival in patients with end‐stage liver disease who have undergone orthotopic liver transplantation. We studied a group of 179 candidates for liver transplantation who responded to a questionnaire on religiosity during the pretransplant psychological evaluation and underwent transplantation between 2004 and 2007.

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