Role and cellular source of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in hepatic fibrosis

Samuele De Minicis, Ekihiro Seki, Yong‐Han Paik, Christoph H. Österreicher, Yuzo Kodama, Johannes Kluwe, Luciano Torozzi, Katsumi Miyai, Antonio Benedetti, Robert F. Schwabe, David A. Brenner – 11 June 2010 – Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) is required for liver fibrosis. This study investigates the role of NOX in ROS production and the differential contribution of NOX from bone marrow (BM)‐derived and non–BM‐derived liver cells.

Usefulness 18F‐FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography for detecting recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in posttransplant patients

Young‐Kyu Kim, Kwang‐Woong Lee, Seong Yeon Cho, Sung‐Sik Han, Seong Hoon Kim, Seok‐Ki Kim, Sang‐Jae Park – 25 May 2010 – 18F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (18F‐FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has recently been shown to be able to predict a poor outcome after liver transplantation (LT) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there are few reports on the usefulness of PET during follow‐up after LT. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of 18F‐FDG PET/CT for the detection of HCC recurrence after LT.

Pharmacology and safety of glycerol phenylbutyrate in healthy adults and adults with cirrhosis

Brendan M. McGuire, Igor A. Zupanets, Mark E. Lowe, Xunjun Xiao, Vasyliy A. Syplyviy, Jon Monteleone, Sharron Gargosky, Klara Dickinson, Antonia Martinez, Masoud Mokhtarani, Bruce F. Scharschmidt – 23 May 2010 – Phenylbutyric acid (PBA), which is approved for treatment of urea cycle disorders (UCDs) as sodium phenylbutyrate (NaPBA), mediates waste nitrogen excretion via combination of PBA‐derived phenylacetic acid with glutamine to form phenylactylglutamine (PAGN) that is excreted in urine.

Colon carcinoma cell interaction with liver sinusoidal endothelium inhibits organ‐specific antitumor immunity through interleukin‐1‐induced mannose receptor in mice

Beatriz Arteta, Nerea Lasuen, Aritz Lopategi, Baldur Sveinbjörnsson, Bård Smedsrød, Fernando Vidal‐Vanaclocha – 23 May 2010 – Mannose receptor (ManR)‐mediated liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) endocytosis plays a role in antigen presentation and innate immunity, but its role in hepatic metastasis is unknown. We studied ManR‐mediated endocytosis during C26 colorectal cancer cell interaction with LSECs and its implications in metastasis. Uptake of labeled ManR ligands (mannan and ovalbumin) and immunohistochemistry were used to study ManR endocytosis and expression.

Preapoptotic cell stress response of primary hepatocytes

Damijan Nipič, Aleš Pirc, Blaž Banič, Dušan Šuput, Irina Milisav – 23 May 2010 – Primary hepatocytes are an important in vitro model for studying metabolism in man. Caspase‐9 and Bcl‐2‐associated X protein (Bax) are regulators of the apoptotic pathway. Here we report on the translocation of procaspase‐9 and Bax from cytoplasm to nuclei as well as on dispersion of mitochondria; these processes occur after isolation of primary hepatocytes.

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