p21 is required for dextrose‐mediated inhibition of mouse liver regeneration

Alexander Weymann, Eric Hartman, Vered Gazit, Connie Wang, Martin Glauber, Yumirle Turmelle, David A. Rudnick – 23 June 2009 – The inhibitory effect of dextrose supplementation on liver regeneration was first described more than 4 decades ago. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this observation have not been elucidated. We investigated these mechanisms using the partial hepatectomy model in mice given standard or 10% dextrose (D10)‐supplemented drinking water.

Nutritional model of steatohepatitis and metabolic syndrome in the Ossabaw miniature swine

Lydia Lee, Mouhamad Alloosh, Romil Saxena, William Van Alstine, Bruce A. Watkins, James E. Klaunig, Michael Sturek, Naga Chalasani – 23 June 2009 – Miniature pigs residing in the Ossabaw Island (Ossabaw pigs) exhibit a thrifty genotype, and when fed a high‐calorie diet they consistently develop metabolic syndrome defined by obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. We conducted a study to induce steatohepatitis in Ossabaw pigs by dietary manipulation.

Single nucleotide polymorphism–mediated translational suppression of endoplasmic reticulum mannosidase I modifies the onset of end‐stage liver disease in alpha1‐antitrypsin deficiency

Shujuan Pan, Lu Huang, John McPherson, Donna Muzny, Farshid Rouhani, Mark Brantly, Richard Gibbs, Richard N. Sifers – 23 June 2009 – Inappropriate accumulation of the misfolded Z variant of alpha1‐antitrypsin in the hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a risk factor for the development of end‐stage liver disease. However, the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to its etiology are poorly understood. ER mannosidase I (ERManI) is a quality control factor that plays a critical role in the sorting and targeting of misfolded glycoproteins for proteasome‐mediated degradation.

The etiology of liver damage imparts cytokines transforming growth factor β1 or interleukin‐13 as driving forces in fibrogenesis

Hong‐Lei Weng, Yan Liu, Jia‐Lin Chen, Tong Huang, Li‐Jun Xu, Patricio Godoy, Jun‐Hua Hu, Cheng Zhou, Felix Stickel, Alexander Marx, Rainer M. Bohle, Vincent Zimmer, Frank Lammert, Sebastian Mueller, Michelle Gigou, Didier Samuel, Peter R. Mertens, Manfred V. Singer, Helmut K.

Statins potentiate the in vitro anti‐hepatitis C virus activity of selective hepatitis C virus inhibitors and delay or prevent resistance development

Leen Delang, Jan Paeshuyse, Inge Vliegen, Pieter Leyssen, Susan Obeid, David Durantel, Fabien Zoulim, Anne Op de Beeck, Johan Neyts – 23 June 2009 – Statins are 3‐hydroxyl‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. It was recently reported that statins inhibit in vitro hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA replication.

Vigorous activation of monocytes in juvenile autoimmune liver disease escapes the control of regulatory T‐cells

Maria Serena Longhi, Ragai R. Mitry, Marianne Samyn, Astrid Scalori, Munther J. Hussain, Alberto Quaglia, Giorgina Mieli‐Vergani, Yun Ma, Diego Vergani – 23 June 2009 – Interface hepatitis, the histological lesion typical of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), is composed of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes and of innate immunity cells, particularly monocytes. Studies in AIH have focused on autoreactive CD4 and CD8 T cells and impairment of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (T‐regs), whereas little is known about the role of monocytes and their relationship with T‐regs.

Association between dietary nutrient composition and the incidence of cirrhosis or liver cancer in the united states population

George N. Ioannou, Olivia B. Morrow, Marah L. Connole, Sum P. Lee – 23 June 2009 – Little is known about the impact of dietary factors on the progression of liver disease. Our aim was to determine whether dietary intake was associated with the risk of cirrhosis‐related or liver cancer–related death or hospitalization in the U.S. population.

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