Kristina Rutkute, Alexander A. Karakashian, Natalia V. Giltiay, Aneta Dobierzewska, Mariana N. Nikolova‐Karakashian – 1 August 2007 – The process of aging has recently been shown to substantially affect the ability of cells to respond to inflammatory challenges. We demonstrate that aging leads to hepatic hyperresponsiveness to interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), and we examine the factors that could be responsible for this phenomenon. IL‐1β‐induced phosphorylation of c‐jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) in hepatocytes isolated from aged rats was 3 times more potent than that in hepatocytes from young rats.

Jacob Nattermann, Martin Vogel, Thomas Berg, Mark Danta, Baumgarten Axel, Christoph Mayr, Raffaele Bruno, Christina Tural, Gerd Klausen, Bonaventura Clotet, Thomas Lutz, Frank Grünhage, Michael Rausch, Hans Dieter Nischalke, Knud Schewe, Bernhard Bienek, Georg Haerter, Tilman Sauerbruch, Juergen K. Rockstroh, Ulrich Spengler – 1 August 2007 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV)/human immunodeficirency virus (HIV) coinfection poses a difficult therapeutic problem. Response to HCV‐specific therapy is variable but might be influenced by host genetic factors, including polymorphisms of cytokine genes.

Tove Berg, C. Bart Rountree, Lily Lee, Joaquin Estrada, Fréderic G. Sala, Andrea Choe, Jacqueline M. Veltmaat, Stijn De Langhe, Rene Lee, Hide Tsukamoto, Gay M. Crooks, Saverio Bellusci, Kasper S. Wang – 1 August 2007 – Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling and β‐catenin activation have been shown to be crucial for early embryonic liver development. This study determined the significance of FGF10‐mediated signaling in a murine embryonic liver progenitor cell population as well as its relation to β‐catenin activation.

Suthat Liangpunsakul, Naga P. Chalasani – 30 July 2007

Munira Hussain, Consuelo Soldevila‐Pico, Sukru Emre, Velimir Luketic, Anna S.F. Lok – 30 July 2007 – Previous studies reported that hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) can be detected in livers of patients who received transplants for hepatitis B despite the absence of serological markers of HBV recurrence. Quantification of HBV DNA was not performed and presence of covalently closed circular (ccc) DNA was not analyzed in most studies.

Roman Perri, Maha Assi, Jayant Talwalkar, Julie Heimbach, William Hogan, S. Breanndan Moore, Charles B. Rosen – 30 July 2007 – Graft‐vs.‐host disease (GVHD) is a rare, serious complication of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We have treated 5 patients to date with GVHD after OLT. A total of 78 patients worldwide have been reported to have experienced this complication. The means by which GVHD after OLT has been managed is guided by experience with the more common GVHD that occurs after stem cell transplantation.

Burckhardt Ringe, Ralph J. Petrucci, Humberto E. Soriano, James C. Reynolds, William C. Meyers – 30 July 2007 – In children with acute hepatic failure, it has been suggested to offer living donor transplantation to all parents when a deceased donor organ can not be provided. Ethically, living related donation is coercive by its very nature, especially in emergencies. We report a 36‐year‐old woman who died from a drug overdose 57 days after living donor liver resection. The recipient was her 3‐year‐old son, who experienced acute hepatic failure as a result of acetaminophen intoxication.

Mitsuhisa Takatsuki, Susumu Eguchi, Takashi Kanematsu – 30 July 2007

Ziv Ben‐Ari, Orit Pappo, Yelena Cheporko, Natali Yasovich, Daniel Offen, Asher Shainberg, Dorit Leshem, Jacquelin Sulkes, Bernardo A. Vidne, Edith Hochhauser – 30 July 2007 – Apoptosis appears to be a central mechanism of cell death following reperfusion of the ischemic liver. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of decreased expression of the proapoptotic Bax gene on hepatic apoptotic warm ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Three groups of mice were studied: homozygotic knockout mice (Bax−/−); heterozygotic (Bax+/−); and wild type (Bax+/+).

Fabio Piscaglia, Alice Gianstefani, Roberto Righini, Luigi Bolondi – 30 July 2007