Peroxynitrite alters the catalytic activity of rodent liver proteasome in vitro and in vivo

Natalia A. Osna, James Haorah, Viatcheslav M. Krutik, Terrence M. Donohue – 30 August 2004 – The proteasome is an important multicatalytic enzyme complex that degrades misfolded and oxidized proteins, signal transduction factors, and antigenic peptides for presentation. We investigated the in vitro effects of peroxynitrite (PN) on the peptidase activity of both crude 20S and 26S and purified 20S proteasome preparations from rat liver as well as proteasome activity in Hep G2 cells and in mouse liver.

TNF‐α regulates mouse fetal hepatic maturation induced by oncostatin M and extracellular matrices

Akihide Kamiya, Frank J. Gonzalez – 30 August 2004 – Fetal hepatic maturation consists of multisteps and is regulated by several cytokines and cell–cell or cell–matrices interactions. In the mid‐to‐late fetal stage, hepatocytes have few metabolic functions associated with adult liver homeostasis. Cultured fetal hepatocytes acquire the expression of several mature liver‐specific genes through stimulation with hepatic maturation factor oncostatin M (OSM) and matrigel. Tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) regulates fetal hepatic maturation stimulated by OSM and matrigel.

In vitro differentiation of rat liver derived stem cells results in sensitization to TNFα‐mediated apoptosis

Aránzazu Sánchez, Valentina M. Factor, Luis A. Espinoza, Insa S. Schroeder, Snorri S. Thorgeirsson – 30 August 2004 – Hepatic stem cells are activated after liver damage and have a critical role in tissue homeostasis and repair. Characterization of molecular and cellular events accompanying the expansion and differentiation of liver stem cells is essential for understanding the basic biology of stem cells and for facilitating clinical application of the stem cells.

Functional impairment of myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells of patients with chronic hepatitis B

Renate G. van der Molen, Dave Sprengers, Rekha S. Binda, Esther C. de Jong, Hubert G. M. Niesters, Johannes G. Kusters, Jaap Kwekkeboom, Harry L. A. Janssen – 30 August 2004 – Dendritic cells (DC) play an important role in the induction of T‐cell responses. We hypothesize that the hampered antiviral T‐cell response in chronic hepatitis B patients is a result of impaired dendritic cell function.

Evolution of hepatitis C virus quasispecies immediately following liver transplantation

Anna Feliu, Eugeni Gay, Montserrat García‐Retortillo, Juan Carlos Saiz, Xavier Forns – 30 August 2004 – Liver cirrhosis caused by chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the main indication for liver transplantation (LT). There is little information on HCV genetic evolution following transplantation. The aim of this study was to carefully assess early evolution of HCV quasispecies in a cohort of 18 liver transplant recipients followed prospectively.

High hilar dissection: New technique to reduce biliary complication in living donor liver transplantation

Kwang‐Woong Lee, Jae Won Joh, Sung Joo Kim, Seong Ho Choi, Jin Seok Heo, Hwan Hyo Lee, Jean Wan Park, Suk‐Koo Lee – 30 August 2004 – Biliary complications after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) continue to be problematic. For reducing the biliary complications, the authors applied an intrahepatic Glissonian approach to the recipient hepatectomy. We called this Glissonian dissection technique at the high hilar level high hilar dissection (HHD). In this study, we introduced this HHD technique and evaluated its outcome in 31 recipients of a living donor liver transplant (LDLT).

Negative regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth by signal regulatory protein α1

He‐Xin Yan, Hong‐Yang Wang, Rui Zhang, Lei Chen, Bao‐An Li, Shu‐Qin Liu, Hui‐Fang Cao, Xiu‐Hua Qiu, Yun‐Feng Shan, Zhong‐Hua Yan, Hong‐Ping Wu, Ye‐Xiong Tan, Meng‐Chao Wu – 30 August 2004 – Signal regulatory protein (SIRP) α1 is a member of the SIRP family that undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation and binds SHP‐2 tyrosine phosphatase in response to various mitogens. The expression levels of SIRPα1 were decreased in HCC tissues, compared with the matched normal tissues.

Hepatitis C virus NS5A‐regulated gene expression and signaling revealed via microarray and comparative promoter analyses

Sophie Girard, Erik Vossman, David E. Misek, Philippe Podevin, Samir Hanash, Christian Bréchot, Laura Beretta – 30 August 2004 – Most individuals exposed to hepatitis C virus (HCV) become chronically infected and are predisposed to liver disease. The mechanisms underlying viral persistence and disease progression are unknown. A role for the HCV NS5A protein in viral replication and interferon resistance has been demonstrated. To identify mechanisms affected by NS5A, we analyzed the gene expression of Huh7 cells expressing NS5A and control cells using oligonucleotide microarrays.

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